Microstructure and varistor properties of V-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by co-precipitation method

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Abstract

V-doped ZnO nanoparticles (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 at.% V) for varistor application have been prepared by co-precipitation method. XRD, TEM, EDS, SEM and FTIR have been employed to characterize the as-synthesized V-doped ZnO nanopowders and varistor samples. Pure and V-doped ZnO nanoparticles have a hexagonal wurtzite structure and the (002) diffraction peaks position of V-doped ZnO shift toward smaller value of diffraction angle compared with pure ZnO powders. The results confirm that the V ions were well incorporated into ZnO crystal lattice. Simultaneously, V doping also inhibited the growth of particles and the size decreased from 45.1755 to 29.5137 nm with the increase in doping concentration from 0 to 2 at.%. The microstructure of 2 at.% V-doped ZnO varistor consists mainly of ZnO grains with Zn3(VO4)2 as the minority secondary phase at 900 °C. The varistor ceramics has a sintered density of 5.55 g/cm3 corresponding to 96.2 % of its theoretical density, with breakdown voltage of 4100 V/cm and nonlinear coefficient of ~7.2.

Keywords

Breakdown Voltage Full Width Half Maximum Nonlinear Coefficient Varistor Ceramic Versus Doping 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by Changzhou Science, Technology Innovation Project, Nature Science Foundation of China (CC20140048, CC20130204, No. 51273027) and 2014 Research and Innovation Project for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Zhong-Yin Zhao
    • 1
    • 2
  • Mao-Hua Wang
    • 1
    • 2
  • Han-Ping Zhang
    • 1
    • 2
  1. 1.School of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhouPeople’s Republic of China
  2. 2.Huaide CollegeChangzhou UniversityChangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

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