Journal of Materials Science

, Volume 53, Issue 5, pp 3417–3426 | Cite as

A self-assembled smart architecture against drilling predation in a Pinctada maxima shell: protective mechanisms

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the response of Pinctada maxima shell to drilling predation, focusing on the underlying protective mechanisms. The shell exhibits a self-assembled smart architecture with a highly multilayered structure. The outer layer is composed of a prismatic structure, and the inner nacreous layer consists of several sub-layers that contain normal brick-like platelets and unique convex lens-like platelets, with myostracal layers laying in between them. Such a smart architecture provides several fundamental protective mechanisms against drilling penetration. First, the occurrence of multiple microcracking and the deformability of platelets in the nacre structure with brick-like platelets can effectively lock the damage locally during drilling penetration. Second, a few myostracal layers embedded within the nacre structure as a disguise of fresh body may induce the driller to inject the toxic salivary secretions, thus protecting the platelets at the bottom of the hole. Third, a new type of platelets with a convex lens-like shape is observed for the first time to be positioned in the internal part of the shell. This layer can effectively prevent the final attack due to its remarkable plastic deformation capacity or bendability via converting a part of tensile stresses into compressive stresses through interfacial sliding and rotation among the convex lens-like platelets. The findings of the present study can pave the way for the development of bioinspired advanced engineering structures with superior protectability against the penetration.

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Notes

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No. N150506002. This work was also partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51571058 and 51231002). D. L. Chen is grateful for the financial support by the Premier’s Research Excellence Award (PREA), NSERC-Discovery Accelerator Supplement (DAS) Award, Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and Ryerson Research Chair (RRC) program. The authors would also like to thank Messrs. Q. Li, C. Ma, A. Machin, J. Amankrah, and R. Churaman for easy access to the laboratory facilities of Ryerson University and their assistance in the experiments.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Material Science and Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyangChina
  2. 2.Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringRyerson UniversityTorontoCanada

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