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Effects of fragmentation and anthropic pressure on the genetic structure of Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) populations in the Atlantic Forest domain

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Abstract

Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi is an endemic dung beetle from the east coast of South America (Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina). It is a stenotopic species abundant in different habitats of the Atlantic Forest. In this study, we analyzed the influence of fragmentation and environmental changes on the population genetic structure of C. (P.) staigi using inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphisms, and the consequences for management and conservation. The expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.16 (restinga, TAM population) in the smallest and most disturbed forest patch to 0.24 (“brejo de altitude”, PES population) in the largest and most conserved area. Based on the low coefficient of genetic population differentiation (F ST  = 0.07) and large molecular variance within populations, we suggest historical gene flow among C. (P.) staigi populations. Additionally, the model ƒ = 0, which corresponds to a lack of or very low inbreeding rate, is another factor that indicates gene flow among populations. Two genetic traits (K = 2) were related with anthropic disturbance, suggesting that the six studied populations are genetically divided into two separate units, one related to preserved and another to disturbed areas. Based on these data, the recent habitat fragmentation may not have led to genetic differentiation, but rather the environmental modifications caused by anthropic pressure seem to be strongly related to the loss of genetic diversity in the species C. (P.) staigi.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to MSc Cristiane Maria Queiroz da Costa and Prof. Dr. Fernando Silva for the collection and identification of specimens. This study was supported by a Grant from the Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE-IBPG-0831-2.02/11) through a Doctorate Scholarship to C.A.F.N., a Post-doc Researcher Fellowship to G.A.S.C. from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PNPD-20130558) and FACEPE-BCT-0063-2.02/14, and by funding from the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) to R.C.M. (CNPQ- 305298/2014-3).

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  1. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Celso Alexandre Ferreira-Neto, Geyner Alves dos Santos Cruz, Igor Costa de Amorim & Rita de Cássia de Moura

  2. Departamento de Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Celso Alexandre Ferreira-Neto, Igor Costa de Amorim & Valdir Queiroz Balbino

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  1. Celso Alexandre Ferreira-Neto
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  5. Rita de Cássia de Moura
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Correspondence to Rita de Cássia de Moura.

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Fig. S1 Ancestry of each individual in either of the four groups plotted by the software Structure version 2.3.4 by means of six ISSR markers with 295 amplified bands in Canthon (P.) staigi. Each vertical bar represents 1 of 180 individuals and the population of origin is cited below. Bar length is proportional to the ancestry values inferred in each group for each individual

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Ferreira-Neto, C.A., dos Santos Cruz, G.A., de Amorim, I.C. et al. Effects of fragmentation and anthropic pressure on the genetic structure of Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) populations in the Atlantic Forest domain. J Insect Conserv 21, 267–276 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-017-9980-4

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