Combined identification of septal flash and absence of myocardial scar by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging improves prediction of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy

  • Manav Sohal
  • Sana Amraoui
  • Zhong Chen
  • Eva Sammut
  • Tom Jackson
  • Matthew Wright
  • Mark O’Neill
  • Jaswinder Gill
  • Gerald Carr-White
  • C. Aldo Rinaldi
  • Reza Razavi
Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Background and aims of study

Septal flash (SF) describes early inward motion of the ventricular septum in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), and correction corresponds to increased response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). SF has traditionally been assessed by echocardiography. We sought to determine if cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could identify SF and if the additional assessment of scar would improve the ability of CMR to predict CRT response.

Methods

Fifty-two patients with LBBB and heart failure underwent prospective CMR scanning prior to CRT implantation. The presence of SF was assessed visually and by using endocardial contour-tracking software. Presence and extent of myocardial scar was assessed by delayed enhancement imaging during CMR. The association between SF, scar and reverse remodelling (RR) at 6 months was explored.

Results

RR rate to CRT at 6 months was 52 %. CMR-derived SF was identified in 24 (46 %) patients. RR was seen in more patients with SF than those without (88 % vs 21 %; P < 0.001). The absence of scar combined with the presence of SF had 96 % specificity for predicting RR. In a multivariate regression model, the presence of SF was the only independent predictor of RR.

Conclusion

SF can be assessed by CMR and predicts increased response to CRT. The additional value of CMR is the assessment of scar. The presence of SF with no scar is a highly specific predictor of CRT response.

Keywords

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging Septal flash Scar imaging Cardiac resynchronization therapy 

Abbreviations

SF

Septal flash

CRT

Cardiac resynchronization therapy

LBBB

Left bundle branch block

ECG

Electrocardiograph

CMR

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

NICM

Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy

ICM

Ischaemic cardiomyopathy

NYHA

New York Heart Association

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Notes

Competing interests

Dr Sohal receives an educational grant from St Jude Medical; Dr Chen receives an educational grant from Medtronic; Dr Rinaldi receives funding from St Jude Medical and Medtronic; Prof Razavi receives an investigator led grant from Philips Healthcare.

Grant support

Supported in part by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Manav Sohal
    • 1
    • 2
    • 4
  • Sana Amraoui
    • 3
  • Zhong Chen
    • 1
  • Eva Sammut
    • 1
  • Tom Jackson
    • 1
  • Matthew Wright
    • 1
    • 2
  • Mark O’Neill
    • 1
    • 2
  • Jaswinder Gill
    • 1
    • 2
  • Gerald Carr-White
    • 2
  • C. Aldo Rinaldi
    • 1
    • 2
  • Reza Razavi
    • 1
  1. 1.Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringKing′s College LondonLondonUK
  2. 2.Cardiothoracic DepartmentGuy′s and St Thomas′ NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
  3. 3.Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-LévèqueUniversité Victor Segalen Bordeaux IIBordeauxFrance
  4. 4.Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringKing′s College LondonLondonUK

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