Abstract
The effects of military couples’ (N = 219) financial management concerns on marital quality were investigated using an actor-partner interdependence model based on the family stress model. The influence of the mediating role of warm and hostile marital interactions was also investigated after accounting for multiple indicators of the military context, which are usually significant in the lives of military families. Individuals with higher levels of concern about financial management expressed less warmth and more hostility towards their partner. In turn, individuals exhibiting higher levels of warmth had spouses who reported greater marital quality.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aniol, J. C., & Snyder, D. K. (1997). Differential assessment of financial and relationship distress: Implications for couples therapy. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 23(3), 347–352. doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.1997.tb01042.x.
Arbuckle, J. L. (2011). Amos (Version 20.0) [Computer Program]. Chicago: SPSS.
Archuleta, K. L., & Grable, J. E. (2011). The future of financial planning and counseling: An introduction to financial therapy. In Financial planning and counseling scales (pp. 33–59). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6908-8_3.
Archuleta, K. L. (2013). Couples, money, and expectations: Negotiating financial management roles to increase relationship satisfaction. Marriage & Family Review, 49(5), 391–411. doi:10.1080/01494929.2013.766296.
Archuleta, K. L. & Burr, E. A. (2015). Systemic financial therapy. In B. Klonz, K.L. Archuleta, & S. Britt (Eds.), Financial therapy: theory, research, and practice. New York: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08269-1_13.
Booth, B., Segal, M. W., Bell, D. B., Martin, J. A., Ender, M. G., Rohall, D. E., & Nelson, J. (2007). What we know about Army families: 2007 update. Family and Morale, Welfare and Recreation Command. Retrieved from http://www.mwrbrandcentral.com/images/uploads/whatweknow2007.pdf.
Boss, P., Bryant, C.M., & Mancini, J.A. (2017). Family stress management: A contextual approach (3rd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Britt, S. L., & Huston, S. J. (2012). The role of money arguments in marriage. Journal of family and Economic Issues, 33, 464–476. doi:10.1007/s10834-012-9304-5.
Bryant, C. M., Taylor, R. J., Lincoln, K. D., Chatters, L. M., & Jackson, J. S. (2008). Marital satisfaction among African American and black Caribbeans: Findings from the national survey of American life. Family Relations, 57, 239–253. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00497.x.
Buddin, R., & Do, P. (2002). Assessing the personal financial problems of junior enlisted personnel. Santa Monica, CA: RAND. Retrieved from http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a405421.pdf.
Carmines, E. G., & McIver, J. P. (1981). Analyzing models with unobserved variables: Analysis of covariance structures. In G. W. Bohmstedt & E. F. Borgatta (Eds.), Social measurement (pp. 65–115). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage
Carroll, E. B., Orthner, D. K., Behnke, A., Smith, C. M., Day, S., & Raburn, M. (2013). Integrating life skills into relationship and marriage education: The essential life skills for military families program. Family Relations, 62, 559–570. doi:10.1111/fare.12027.
Conger, R. D., & Conger, K. J. (2002). Resilience in midwestern families: Selected findings from the first decade of a prospective, longitudinal study. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 361–373. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00361.x.
Conger, R. D., Conger, K. J., & Martin, M. J. (2010). Socioeconomic status, family processes, and individual development. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(3), 685–704. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00725.x.
Conger, R. D., Elder, G. H. Jr., Lorenz, F. O., Conger, K. J., Simons, R. L., Whitbeck, L. B., Huck, S., & Melby, J. N. (1990). Linking economic hardship to marital quality and instability. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 643–656. doi:10.2307/352931.
Conger, R. D., Lasley, P., Lorenz, F.O., Simons, R., Whitbeck, L.B., Elder Jr., G.H., & Norem, R. (1989). Iowa Youth and Families Project: Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor]. doi:10.3886/ICPSR26721.v2.
Conger, R. D., Rueter, M. A., & Elder, G. H. Jr. (1999). Couple resilience to economic pressure. Journal of personality and social psychology, 76(1), 54. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.1.54.
Cook, S., Drum, M. L., Kirchhoff, A. C., Jin, L., Levie, J., Harrison, J. F., Lippold, S. A., Schaefer, C. T., & Chin, M. H. (2006). Providers’ assessment of barriers to effective management of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in community health centers. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 17(1), 70–85. doi:10.1353/hpu.2006.0021.
Dew, J., Britt, S., & Huston, S. (2012). Examining the relationship between financial issues and divorce. Family Relations, 61(4), 615–628. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2012.00715.x.
DoD. (2003). DOD and Treasury announce financial readiness campaign. Retrieved from http://www.defense.gov/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=3809.
Drummet, A. R., Coleman, M., & Cable, S. (2003). Military families under stress: Implications for family life education. Family Relations, 52(3), 279–287. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00279.x.
Dush, C. M. K., Cohan, C. L., & Amato, P. R. (2003). The relationship between cohabitation and marital quality and stability: Change across cohorts? Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(3), 539–549. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00539.x.
Enders, C. K. (2001). The performance of the full information maximum likelihood estimation in multiple regression models with missing data. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 61(5), 713–740. doi:10.1177/0013164401615001.
Falconier, M. K., & Epstein, N. B. (2010). Relationship satisfaction in Argentinean couples under economic strain: Gender differences in a dyadic stress model. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27, 781–799. doi:10.1177/0265407510373260.
Feeney, J. A. (2004). Transfer of attachment from parents to romantic partners: Effects of individual and relationship variables. Journal of Family Studies, 10(2), 220–238. doi:10.5172/jfs.327.10.2.220.
Gottman, J. M. (1994). Why marriages succeed or fail. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Hosek, J., & Wadsworth, S. M. (2013). Economic conditions of military families. The Future of Children, 23(2), 41–59. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23595619.
Hraba, J., Lorenz, F. O., & Pechacova, Z. (2000). Family stress during the Czech transformation. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 520–531. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00520.x.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118.
Huebner, A. J., Mancini, J. A., Bowen, G. L., & Orthner, D. K. (2009). Shadowed by war: Building community capacity to support military families. Family Relations, 58, 216–228. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00548.x.
Kenny, D. A., Kashy, D. A., & Cook, W. L. (2006). Dyadic data analysis. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Kerkmann, B. C., Lee, T. R., Lown, J. M., & Allgood, S. M. (2000). Financial management, financial problems, and marital satisfaction among recently married university students. Financial Counseling and Planning, 11, 55–65. Retrieved from http://afcpe.org/assets/pdf/vol1126.pdf.
Lester, D., Yang, B., & Spinella, M. (2006). Depression, anxiety, and personal finance behavior: Implications for the classical economic conception of humans as rational decision-makers. Psychological Reports, 99(3), 833–834. doi:10.2466/PR0.99.3.
Levenson, R. W., Carstensen, L. L., & Gottman, J. M. (1994). Influence of age and gender on affect, physiology, and their interrelations: A study of long-term marriages. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(1), 56. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.1.56.
Lorenz, F. O., Melby, J. N., Conger, R. D., & Xu, X. (2007). The effects of context on the correspondence between observational ratings and questionnaire reports of hostile behavior: A multitrait, multimethod approach. Journal of Family Psychology, 21(3), 498. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.21.3.498.
Lucier-Greer, M.L., Arnold, A.L., Grimsley, R.N., Ford, J., Bryant, C. M., & Mancini, J.A. (2014). Parental military service and adolescent well-being: Mental health, social connections, and coping among youth in the United States. Child and Family Social Work. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/cfs.12158.
Malinen, K., Tolvanen, A., & Ronka, A. (2012). Accentuating the positive, eliminating the negative? Relationship maintenance as a predictor of two-dimensional relationship quality. Family Relations, 61(5), 784–797. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2012.00738.x.
Mancini, J. A., Bowen, G. L., O’Neal, C. W., & Arnold, A. L. (2015). Relationships provisions, self-efficacy and youth well-being in military families. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 40, 17–25. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2015.02.003.
Newton, T. L., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K. (1995). Hostility and erosion of marital quality during early marriage. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 18(6), 601–619. doi:10.1007/BF01857898.
Norton, R. (1983). Measuring marital quality: A critical look at the dependent variable. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45, 141–151. doi:10.2307/351302.
O’Neal, C. W., Arnold, A. L., Lucier-Greer, M., Wickrama, K.A.S., & Bryant, C. M. (2015). Economic pressure and health and weight management behaviors in African American couples: A family stress perspective. Journal of Health Psychology, 20, 625–637. doi:10.1177/1359105315579797.
O’Neal, C. W., Richardson, E. W., Mancini, J. A., & Grimsley, R. N. (2016). Parents’ early life stressful experiences, their present well-being, and that of their children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 86(4), 425–435. doi:10.1037/ort0000140.
Olson, D. H., & Olson, A. K. (1999). PREPARE/ENRICH counselor’s manual: Version 2000. Minneapolis, MN: Life Innovations, Inc.
Oshri, A., Lucier-Greer, M., O’Neal, C. W., Arnold, A. L., Mancini, J. A., & Ford, J. L. (2015). Adverse childhood experiences, family functioning, and resilience in military families: A pattern-based approach. Family Relations, 64, 44–63. doi:10.1111/fare.12108.
Tukey, J. W. (1977). Exploratory data analysis. NY: Pearson.
US Army. (2005). Army Well-being. Retrieved from http://www.army.mil/aps/06/maindocument/infopapers/24.html.
Varcoe, K. P., Lees, N. B., Wright, J. & Emper, N. (2003). Financial issues faced by marine corps families. Financial Counseling and Planning, 14(1), 43–50. Retrieved from http://afcpe.org/assets/pdf/vol1414.pdf.
Voydanoff, P., Donnelly, B. W., & Fine, M. A. (1988). Economic distress, social integration, and family satisfaction. Journal of Family Issues, 9(4), 545–563. doi:10.1177/019251388009004007.
Wilmarth, M. J., Nielsen, R. B., & Futris, T. G. (2014). Financial wellness and relationship satisfaction: Does communication mediate? Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 43(2), 131–144. doi:10.1111/fcsr.12092.
Zimmerman, K.J. & Roberts, C.W. (2012). The influence of a financial management course on couples’ relationship quality. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 23(2), 46–54. Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=2220829.
Acknowledgements
The authors are Donald Bruce Ross, M.S., Catherine Walker O’Neal, Ph.D., Amy Laura Arnold, Ph.D., and Jay A. Mancini, Ph.D. of the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. The authors acknowledge this manuscript has not been published elsewhere nor has it been simultaneously submitted for publication with another journal.
Funding
This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (NIFA Award No. 2009-48680-06069, Author D, Principal Investigator).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All the author declares that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent
Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ross, D.B., O’Neal, C.W., Arnold, A.L. et al. Money Matters in Marriage: Financial Concerns, Warmth, and Hostility Among Military Couples. J Fam Econ Iss 38, 572–581 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-017-9522-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-017-9522-y