Journal of Child and Family Studies

, Volume 25, Issue 4, pp 1208–1217 | Cite as

Factor Analysis of the Italian Version of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire in a Community Sample

  • Annalisa Esposito
  • Mateu Servera
  • Gloria Garcia-Banda
  • Ennio Del Giudice
Original Paper
First Online:

Abstract

Despite difficulties measuring parenting styles, many studies have demonstrated a significant relationship between disruptive children and certain parenting practices. One of the most frequently used scales to measure parenting styles is the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ). This scale was originally defined based on theoretical dimensions and using samples from the USA. Therefore, both factor analysis studies and its adaptation to other countries have been proposed to improve and widen its use. The aim of this study was to adapt the APQ to the Italian population. A community sample of 258 mothers and children (94 %) and 192 fathers (70 %) from 274 families with children from 10- to 14-years-old who agreed to participate and met the inclusion criteria completed the APQ. Principal components and exploratory factor analyses resulted in a unique 19-item version of the APQ for mothers, fathers, and children. This unified version has resulted in two factor categories: positive (12 items) and negative parenting (7 items). The internal consistency and goodness of fit of the model were satisfactory. Moderate and significant convergent validity were found for mothers and fathers but not for children. In fact, we found differences in validity rates among the participants. Children perceived less positive and more negative parenting than did fathers and mothers, and mothers believed that they provided more positive parenting than did other parents. In conclusion, the APQ Italian version of the parents and children global report forms are considered a suitable measure for positive and negative parenting styles with acceptable validity and reliability indices.

Keywords

Alabama Parenting Questionnaire Community sample Cross-cultural differences Factor analysis Parenting practices 
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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Annalisa Esposito
    • 2
  • Mateu Servera
    • 1
  • Gloria Garcia-Banda
    • 3
  • Ennio Del Giudice
    • 2
  1. 1.Research Institute of Health ScienceUniversity of Balearic IslandsPalmaSpain
  2. 2.Department of Translational Medicine (Section of Pediatrics)Federico II UniversityNaplesItaly
  3. 3.Department of PsychologyUniversity of Balearic IslandsPalmaSpain

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