Journal of Applied Phycology

, 21:649 | Cite as

Potential of the seaweed Gracilaria lemaneiformis for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture with scallop Chlamys farreri in North China

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Abstract

In this study the red alga, Gracilaria lemaneiformis, was cultivated with the scallop Chlamys farreri in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system for 3 weeks at the Marine Aquaculture Laboratory of the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS) in Qingdao, Shandong Province, North China. The nutrient uptake rate and nutrient reduction efficiency of ammonium and phosphorus from scallop excretion were determined. The experiment included four treatments each with three replicates, and three scallop monoculture systems served as the control. Scallop density (407.9 ± 2.84 g m−3) remained the same in all treatments while seaweed density differed. The seaweed density was set at four levels (treatments 1, 2, 3, 4) with thallus wet weight of 69.3 ± 3.21, 139.1 ± 3.80, 263.5 ± 6.83, and 347.6 ± 6.30 g m−3, respectively. There were no significant differences in the initial nitrogen and phosphorus concentration between each treatment and the control group (ANOVA, p > 0.05). The results showed that at the end of the experiment, the nitrogen concentration in the control group and treatment 1 was significantly higher than in the other treatments. There was also a significant difference in phosphorus concentration between the control group and the IMTA treatments (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Growth rate, C and N content of the thallus, and mortality of scallop was different between the IMTA treatments. The nutrient uptake rate and nutrient reduction efficiency of ammonium and phosphorus changed with different cultivation density and time. The maximum reduction efficiency of ammonium and phosphorus was 83.7% and 70.4%, respectively. The maximum uptake rate of ammonium and phosphorus was 6.3 and 3.3 µmol g−1 DW h−1. A bivalve/seaweed biomass ratio from 1:0.33 to 1:0.80 (treatments 2, 3, and 4) was preferable for efficient nutrient uptake and for maintaining lower nutrient levels. Results indicate that G. lemaneiformis can efficiently absorb the ammonium and phosphorus from scallop excretion and is a suitable candidate for IMTA.

Keywords

Gracilaria lemaneiformis Integrated Multi-trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) Nutrient uptake rate Nutrient reduction efficiency Scallop 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Special Funds for the Major State Basic Research Projects No. 2006CB400608, the HI-TECH research and development Program of China under contract No. 2006AA10Z414, No. 2006AA100304, the National Science & Technology Pillar Program No. 2006BAD09A02, and the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project No. 200805069. The manuscript was greatly improved due to the constructive comments by several reviewers. We thank Jon Funderud from Norwegian University of Science and Technology for checking the English.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoPeople’s Republic of China
  2. 2.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery ScienceQingdaoPeople’s Republic of China

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