Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

, Volume 39, Issue 4, pp 619–634 | Cite as

Effects of Low Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on Gamma Frequency Oscillations and Event-Related Potentials During Processing of Illusory Figures in Autism

  • Estate M. Sokhadze
  • Ayman El-Baz
  • Joshua Baruth
  • Grace Mathai
  • Lonnie Sears
  • Manuel F. Casanova
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Previous studies by our group suggest that the neuropathology of autism is characterized by a disturbance of cortical modularity. In this model a decrease in the peripheral neuropil space of affected minicolumns provides for an inhibitory deficit and a readjustment in their signal to noise bias during information processing. In this study we proposed using low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a way increasing the surround inhibition of minicolumns in autism. Thirteen patients (ADOS and ADI-R diagnized) and equal number of controls participated in the study. Repetitive TMS was delivered at 0.5 Hz, 2 times per week for 3 weeks. Outcome measures based on event-related potentials (ERP), induced gamma activity, and behavioral measures showed significant post-TMS improvement. The results suggest that rTMS offers a potential therapeutic intervention for autism.

Keywords

Autism Minicolumns Event-related potentials Electroencephalography Gamma frequencies 

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2008

Authors and Affiliations

  • Estate M. Sokhadze
    • 1
  • Ayman El-Baz
    • 2
    • 3
  • Joshua Baruth
    • 1
    • 5
  • Grace Mathai
    • 4
  • Lonnie Sears
    • 4
  • Manuel F. Casanova
    • 3
    • 5
  1. 1.Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral ScienceUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleUSA
  2. 2.Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleUSA
  3. 3.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral ScienceUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleUSA
  4. 4.Department of PediatricsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleUSA
  5. 5.Department of Anatomical Sciences and NeurobiologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleUSA

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