Inflammopharmacology

, Volume 26, Issue 2, pp 331–336 | Cite as

Molecular signature of nitric oxide on major cancer hallmarks of colorectal carcinoma

Review
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the one of the most important diseases throughout the world. Several aetiological risk factors, viz. sedentary life style, smoking, alcohol intake, less physical activity, red meat, and microbiota, are associated with the development of CRC. Molecular pathophysiology of CRC implies inflammation, metastasis, apotosis and angiogenesis. Inflammation involves interaction between various immune cells, inflammatory cells, chemokines, cytokines, and pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways, which may lead to signalling towards, tumour cell proliferation, growth, and invasion whereas nitric oxide (NO) has been associated with metastasis, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, this review emphasises on the potential molecular mechanisms associated with NO with alteration of cancer biomarkers during development of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Keywords

Molecular signature Nitric oxide Colorectal carcinoma Inflammation Metastasis Apoptosis Angiogenesis 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Acknowledgement

The author acknowledges, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Baum B, Settleman J, Quinlan MP (2008) Transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal states in development and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 19(3):294–308CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Bing RJ, Miyataka M, Rich KA, Hanson N, Wang X, Slosser HD, Shi SR (2001) Nitric oxide, prostanoids, cyclooxygenase, and angiogenesis in colon and breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 7(11):3385–3392PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Brüne B (2003) Nitric oxide: NO apoptosis or turning it ON? Cell Death Differ 10(8):864–869CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Cannon RO III (1998) Role of nitric oxide in cardiovascular disease: focus on the endothelium. Clin Chem 44:1809PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Choi BM, Pae HO, Jang SI, Kim YM, Chung HT (2002) Nitric oxide as a proapoptotic as well as anti-apoptotic modulator. J Biochem Mol Biol 35:116–126PubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Choudhari SK, Chaudhary M, Bagde S, Gadbail AR, Joshi V (2013) Nitric oxide and cancer: a review. World J Surg Oncol 11:118CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Colmean MP, Esteve J, Damiecki P et al (1993) Trends in cancer incidence and mortality, vol 21. IARC Scientific Publication, LyonGoogle Scholar
  8. Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A (2009) Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis 30(7):1073–1081CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Coussens LM, Werb Z (2002) Inflammation and cancer. Nature 420(6917):860–867CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  10. Cross RK, Wilson KT (2003) Nitric oxide in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 9:179–189CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Ferrero-Miliani L, Nielsen OH, Andersen PS, Girardin SE (2007) Chronic inflammation: importance of NOD2 and NALP3 in interleukin-1beta generation. Clin Exp Immunol 147(2):227–235PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  12. Gal A, Wogan GN (1996) Mutagenesis associated with nitric oxide production in transgenic SJL mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:15102–15107CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  13. Ghafourifar P, Cadenas E (2005) Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase. Trends Pharmacol Sci 26:190–195CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Grasselli A, Nanni S, Colussi C et al (2008) Estrogen receptor-alpha and endothelial nitric oxide synthase nuclear complex regulates transcription of human telomerase. Circ Res 103:34CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Ha KS, Kim KM, Kwon YG, Bai SK, Nam WD, Yoo YM, Kim PK, Chung HT, Billiar TR, Kim YM (2003) Nitric oxide prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through cGMP-dependent PI3 kinase/Akt activation. FASEB J 17(9):1036–1047CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA (2011a) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144(5):646–674CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA (2011b) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144(5):646–674CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Hofseth LJ, Wargovich MJ (2007) Inflammation, cancer, and targets of ginseng. J Nutr 137(1):183S–185SCrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Hofseth LJ, Ying L (2006) Identifying and defusing weapons of mass inflammation in carcinogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1765:74–84PubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Huerta S, Goulet EJ, Livingston EH (2006) Colon cancer and apoptosis. Am J Surg 191(4):517–526CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. Igarashi J, Michel T (2008) S1P and eNOS regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1781:489CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. Ihara A et al (2007) Blockade of leukotriene B4 signaling pathway induces apoptosis and suppresses cell proliferation in colon cancer. J Pharmacol Sci 103:24–32CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. Israels LG, Israels ED (1999) Apoptosis. Oncologist 4:332–339PubMedGoogle Scholar
  24. Jaiswal M, LaRusso NF, Gores GJ (2001) Nitric oxide in gastrointestinal epithelial cell carcinogenesis: linking inflammation to oncogenesis. Am J Physiol - Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281 (3):G626–G34Google Scholar
  25. Janakiram NB, Rao CV (2014) The role of inflammation in colon cancer. In: Aggarwal B (ed) Inflammation and cancer, advances in experimental medicine and biology, vol 816. Springer, New York.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0837-8_2 Google Scholar
  26. Jones R, Scobey M, Cheng J (2014) The risk of colon cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. J Gastrointest Dig Syst 4:1Google Scholar
  27. Kalluri R, Weinberg RA (2009) The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Clin Investig 119(6):1420–1428CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  28. Koehne CH, Dubois RN (2004) COX-2 inhibition and colorectal cancer. Semin Oncol 31:12–21CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  29. Lagares-Garcia JA, Moore RA, Collier B, Heggere M, Diaz F, Qian F (2001) Nitric oxide synthase as a marker in colorectal carcinoma. Am Surg 67:709–713PubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. Landskron G, Fuente MDL, Thuwajit P, Thuwajit C, Hermoso MA (2014) Chronic inflammation and cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. J Immunol Res.  https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/149185 PubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  31. Li M, Wu X, Xu XC (2001) Induction of apoptosis in colon cancer cells by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS398 through a cytochrome c-dependent pathway. Clin Cancer Res 7(4):1010–1016PubMedGoogle Scholar
  32. Lind DS (2004) Arginine and cancer. J Nutr 134:2837S–2841SCrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  33. Martinou JC, Desagher S, Antonsson B (2000) Cytochrome c release from mitochondria: all or nothing. Nat Cell Biol 2:E41–E43CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. Mori M (2007) Regulation of nitric oxide synthesis and apoptosis by arginase and arginine recycling. J Nutr 137(6):1616S–1620SCrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  35. Mutoh M et al (2006) Roles of prostanoids in colon carcinogenesis and their potential targeting for cancer chemoprevention. Curr Pharm Des 12:2375–2382CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  36. Oliveira CJ, Schindler F, Ventura AM et al (2003) Nitric oxide and cGMP activate the Ras–MAP kinase pathway-stimulating protein tyrosine phosphorylation in rabbit aortic endothelial cells. Free Rad Biol Med 35:381CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  37. Oshima M, Dinchuk JE, Kargman SL, Oshima H, Hancock B, Kwong E, Trzaskos JM, Evans JF, Taketo MM (1996) Suppression of intestinal polyposis in Apc 716 knockout mice by inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Cell 87:803–809CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  38. Piechota-Polanczyk A, Fichna J (2014) Review article: the role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol 387:605–620CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Prescott SM et al (1996) Self-promotion? Intimate connections between APC and prostaglandin H synthase-2. Cell 87:783–786CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  40. Scicinski J, Oronsky B, Ning S, Knox S, Peehl D, Kim MM, Langecker P, Fanger G (2015) NO to cancer: the complex and multifaceted role of nitric oxide and the epigenetic nitric oxide donor, RRx-001$. Redox Biol 6:1–8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  41. Snyder CM, Shroff EH, Liu J, Chandel NS (2009) Nitric oxide induces cell death by regulating anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members. PLoS ONE 4(9):e7059CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  42. Soumaoro LT et al (2006) Expression of 5-lipoxygenase in human colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 12:6355–6360CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  43. Sun Y (1990) Free radicals, antioxidant enzymes and carcinogenesis. Free Radical Biol Med 8:583–599CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  44. Tavolari S, Bonafè M, Marini M, Ferreri C, Bartolini G, Brighenti E, Manara S, Tomasi V, Laufer S, Guarnieri T (2008) Licofelone, a dual COX/5-LOX inhibitor, induces apoptosis in HCA-7 colon cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway independently from its ability to affect the arachidonic acid cascade. Carcinogenesis 29(2):371–380CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  45. Vahora H, Khan MA, Alalami U, Hussain A (2016a) The potential role of nitric oxide in halting cancer progression through chemoprevention. J Cancer Prev 21:1–12CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  46. Vahora H, Khan MA, Alalami U, Hussain A (2016b) The potential role of nitric oxide in halting cancer progression through chemoprevention. J Cancer Prev 21:1–12CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  47. Weiss JM, Ridnour LA, Back T, Hussain SP, He P, Maciag AE et al (2010) Macrophage-dependent nitric oxide expression regulates tumor cell detachment and metastasis after IL-2/anti-CD40 immunotherapy. J Exp Med 207:2455–2467CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  48. Wink DA, Vodovotz Y, Laval J, Laval F, Dewhirst MW, Mitchell JB (1998) The multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in cancer. Carcinogenesis 19(5):711–721CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  49. Xu W, Liu LZ, Loizidou M, Ahmed M, Charles IG (2002a) The role of nitric oxide in cancer. Cell Res 12(5–6):311–320CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  50. Xu W, Liu LZ, Loizidou M, Ahmed M, Charles IG (2002b) The role of nitric oxide in cancer. Cell Res 12(5–6):311–320CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  51. Xu J, Lamouille S, Derynck R (2009) TGF-Β-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Cell Res 19(2):156–172CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  52. Yang HT, Yan Z, Abraham JA, Terjung RL (2001) VEGF(121)- and bFGF-induced increase in collateral blood flow requires normal nitric oxide production. Am J Physiol 280:H1097CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  53. Ye YN et al (2005) Dual inhibition of 5-LOX and COX-2 suppresses colon cancer formation promoted by cigarette smoke. Carcinogenesis 26:827–834CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  54. Ying L, Hofseth LJ (2007) An emerging role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase in chronic inflammation and cancer. Cancer Res 67(4):1407–1410CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  55. Zhang L, Yu J (2013) Role of apoptosis in colon cancer biology, therapy, and prevention. Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep 9(4):331–340CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  56. Ziche M, Morbidelli L (2009) Molecular regulation of tumour angiogenesis by nitric oxide. Eur Cytokine Netw 20(4):164–170PubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of ZoologyThe University of BurdwanBurdwanIndia

Personalised recommendations