Teacher Change During Induction: Development of Beginning Primary Teachers’ Knowledge, Beliefs and Performance
- 2k Downloads
- 12 Citations
Abstract
Beginning primary teachers’ knowledge and beliefs were assessed at the end of teacher education and 4 years later. In addition, they reported about their school context and job satisfaction and took a video-based assessment on their perception, interpretation, and decision-making skills. Research questions were (1) whether we have to deal with a “reality shock” in that beginning teachers’ beliefs change to more traditional ones or whether their knowledge decreases, (2) whether the school context in terms of appraisal and a climate of trust influences the knowledge and belief development, and (3) to what extent the beginning teachers’ knowledge and beliefs predict their perception, interpretation, and decision-making skills. Data from 231 German primary teachers in their third year in the profession neither revealed changes of beliefs towards traditional ones nor a substantial loss in knowledge. In contrast, general pedagogical knowledge (GPK) grew significantly and beliefs on the nature of mathematics were more dynamic 3 years after teacher education. Thus, drawbacks are a rare phenomenon in our sample. Those teachers who had perceived a stronger climate of trust revealed higher content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge and GPK as well as more dynamic beliefs. These teachers also revealed significantly stronger performance-related skills.
Keywords
Beginning teachers Content knowledge Induction Latent class analysis Longitudinal study Noticing Teacher beliefs Teacher knowledge Teacher performance Video-based assessmentNotes
Acknowledgments
TEDS-FU was funded by the German Research Foundation (BL 548/8-1). The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors.
References
- Baer, M., Kocher, M., Wyss, C., Guldimann, T., Larcher, S. & Dörr, G. (2011). Lehrerbildung und Praxiserfahrung im ersten Berufsjahr und ihre Wirkung auf die Unterrichtskompetenzen von Studierenden und jungen Lehrpersonen im Berufseinstieg [Teacher education and practical expierences during the first year in the profession and their impact on teaching competencies of student and beginning teachers]. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 14, 85–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Blömeke, S. & Klein, P. (2013). When is a school environment perceived as supportive by beginning mathematics teachers? Effects of leadership, trust, autonomy and appraisal on teaching quality. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 11, 1029–1048Google Scholar
- Blömeke, S., Gustafsson, J.-E. & Shavelson, R. (2015). Beyond dichotomies: Competence viewed as a continuum. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 223, 3–13Google Scholar
- Blömeke, S., Kaiser, G. & Lehmann, R. (Eds.) (2010), TEDS-M 2008: Professionelle Kompetenz und Lerngelegenheiten angehender Primarstufenlehrkräfte im internationalen Vergleich. Münster: WaxmannGoogle Scholar
- Blömeke, S., Suhl, U. & Döhrmann, M. (2012). Zusammenfügen was zusammengehört: Kompetenzprofile am Ende der Lehrerausbildung im internationalen Vergleich. Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 58, 422–440Google Scholar
- Blömeke, S., Buchholtz, N., Suhl, U. & Kaiser, G. (2014a). Resolving the chicken-or-egg causality dilemma: The longitudinal interplay of teacher knowledge and teacher beliefs. Teaching and Teacher Education, 37, 130–139Google Scholar
- Blömeke, S., Busse, A., Suhl, U., Kaiser, G., Benthien, J., Döhrmann, M. & König, J. (2014b). Entwicklung von Lehrpersonen in den ersten Berufsjahren: Längsschnittliche Vorhersage von Unterrichtswahrnehmung und Lehrerreaktionen durch Ausbildungsergebnisse. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 17, 509–542Google Scholar
- Bromme, R., Rambow, R. & Nückles, M. (2001). Expertise and estimating what other people know: The influence of professional experience and type of knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 7(4), 317–330.Google Scholar
- Bruner, J. (1974). Toward a theory of instruction. Harvard: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Büchter, A. & Leuders, T. (2005). Mathematikaufgaben selbst entwickeln: Lernen fördern - Leistung überprüfen. Berlin: Cornelsen Scriptor.Google Scholar
- Clausen, M., Reusser, K. & Klieme, E. (2003). Unterrichtsqualität auf der Basis hoch-inferenter Unterrichtsbeurteilungen: Ein Vergleich zwischen Deutschland und der deutschsprachigen Schweiz [Instructional quality assessed via high-inferent ratings: A comparison between Germany and the German cantons of Switzerland]. Unterrichtswissenschaft, 31, 122–141.Google Scholar
- Dann, H.-D., Müller-Fohrbrodt, G. & Cloetta, B. (1981). Sozialisation junger Lehrer im Beruf: “Praxisschock” drei Jahre später [Sozialization of young teachers into the profession: The “reality shock” three years later]. Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 13(3), 251–262.Google Scholar
- Ericsson, K. A. (2005). Recent advances in expertise research: A commentary on the contributions to the special issue. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 233–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Felbrich, A., Müller, C. & Blömeke, S. (2008). Epistemological beliefs concerning the nature of mathematics among teacher educators and teacher education students in mathematics. ZDM – The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 40(5), 763–776.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Fuller, F. & Brown, O. (1975). Becoming a teacher. In K. Ryan (Ed.), Teacher education: Seventy-fourth yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
- Gimbert, B. & Fultz, D. (2009). Effective principal leadership for beginning teachers’ development. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 4(2).Google Scholar
- Gobet, F. (2005). Chunking models of expertise: Implications for education. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 183–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Gold, B., Förster, S. & Holodynski, M. (2013). Evaluation eines videobasierten Trainingsseminars zur Förderung der professionallen Wahrnehmung von Klassenführung im Grundschulunterricht [Evaluation of a video-based training seminar meant to foster the professional perception of classroom management in primary schools]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 27, 141–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Greefrath, G., Kaiser, G., Blum, W. & Borromeo Ferri, R. (2013). Mathematisches Modellieren: Eine Einführung in theoretische und didaktische Hintergründe. In R. Borromeo Ferri, G. Greefrath & G. Kaiser (Eds.), Mathematisches Modellieren für Schule und Hochschule: Theoretische und didaktische Hintergründe (pp. 11--37). Wiesbaden: Springer.Google Scholar
- Grigutsch, S., Raatz, U. & Törner, G. (1998). Einstellungen gegenüber Mathematik bei Mathematiklehrern [Beliefs about the nature of mathematics of mathematics teachers]. Journal für Mathematik-Didaktik, 19, 3–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hackman, J. R. & Oldman, G. R. (1980). Work redesign. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
- Hecht, P. (2013). Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen im Berufseinstieg von Lehrpersonen [Self-efficacy beliefs of beginning teachers]. Unterrichtswissenschaft, 41(2), 108–124.Google Scholar
- Helmke, A., Hosenfeld, I. & Schrader, F.-W. (2002). Unterricht, Mathematikleistung und Lernmotivation [Instructional quality, mathematics achievement and learning motivation]. In A. Helmke & R. S. Jäger (Eds.), Das Projekt MARKUS – Mathematik-Gesamterhebung Rheinland-Pfalz: Kompetenzen, Unterrichtsmerkmale, Schulkontext (pp. 413–480). Landau, Germany: Empirische Pädagogik.Google Scholar
- Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Erez, A. & Locke, E. A. (2005). Core self-evaluations and job and life satisfaction: The role of self-concordance and goal attainment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 257–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kagan, D. M. (1992). Professional growth among preservice and beginning teachers. Review of Educational Research, 62, 129–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kane, M. (1992). An argument-based approach to validation. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 527–535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kersting, N. B., Givvin, K. B., Thompson, B. J., Santagata, R. & Stigler, J. W. (2012). Measuring usable knowledge: Teachers’ analyses of mathematics classroom videos predict teaching quality and student learning. American Educational Research Journal, 49, 568–589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- KMK = Sekretariat der Ständigen Konferenz der Kultusminister der Länder in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (2004). Bildungsstandards im Fach Mathematik für den Primarbereich (Jahrgangsstufe 4): Beschluss der Kultusministerkonferenz vom 15.10.2004.Google Scholar
- Kocher, M., Wyss, C., Baer, M. & Edelmann, D. (2010). Unterrichten lernen: den Erwerb von Unterrichtskompetenzen angehender Lehrpersonen videobasiert nachzeichnen. Eine explorative Längsschnittuntersuchung an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Zürich [Learning to teach: Documenting the acquisition of teaching competence of prospective teachers in a video-based way. An exploratory longitudinal study at the College of Education in Zurich]. Lehrerbildung auf dem Prüfstand, 3(1), 23–55.Google Scholar
- König, J., Blömeke, S., Klein, P., Suhl, U., Busse, A. & Kaiser, G. (2014). Is teachers' general pedagogical knowledge a premise for noticing and interpreting classroom situations? A video-based assessment approach. Teaching and Teacher Education, 38, 76–88.Google Scholar
- Krauthausen, G. & P. Scherer (2004) (Eds.). Mit Kindern auf dem Weg zur Mathematik: Ein Arbeitsbuch zur Lehrerbildung. Donauwörth: Auer.Google Scholar
- Laschke, C. & Blömeke, S. (2013). Teacher education and development study: Learning to teach mathematics (TEDS–M): Dokumentation der erhebungsinstrumente [Documentation of the test and survey instruments]. Münster, Germany: Waxmann.Google Scholar
- Leder, C., Pehkonen, E. & Törner, G. (Eds.). (2002). Beliefs: A hidden variable in mathematics education? Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Google Scholar
- Leinhardt, G. (1993). On teaching. In R. Glaser (Ed.), Advances in instructional psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 1–54). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
- Lipowsky, F. (2003). Wege von der Hochschule in den Beruf: Eine empirische Studie zum beruflichen Erfolg von Lehramtsabsolventen in der Berufseinstiegsphase [Transition from higher education into the profession: An empirical study on success of teacher education graduates in the first years on the job]. Bad Heilbrunn, Germany: Klinkhardt.Google Scholar
- McLachlan, G. & Peel, D. А. (2000). Finite mixture models. New York, NY: Wiley.Google Scholar
- Muthén, L. K. & Muthén, B. O. (2008). Mplus user’s guide (5th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.Google Scholar
- National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Washington, DC:Author.Google Scholar
- Nylund, K. L. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(4), 535–569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Oser, F. (2013). “I know how to do it, but I can’t do it”: Modeling competence profiles for future teachers and trainers. In S. Blömeke, O. Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia, C. Kuhn & J. Fege (Eds.), Modeling and measuring competencies in higher education: Tasks and challenges (pp. 45–60). Rotterdan, The Netherlands: Sense.Google Scholar
- Oshagbemi, T. (1999). Overall job satisfaction: How good are single versus multiple-item measures. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 14, 388–403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Peter-Koop, A. (2008). Teaching and understanding mathematical modelling through Fermi problems. In R. Millman, B. Grevholm & B. Clarke (Eds.), Tasks in primary mathematics teacher education: Purpose, use and exemplars (pp. 131--146). New York: Springer. Google Scholar
- Peterson, P. L., Fennema, E., Carpenter, T. & Loef, M. (1989). Teachers’ pedagogical content beliefs in mathematics. Cognition and Instruction, 6, 1–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ramaswamy, V., DeSarbo, W. S., Reibstein, D. J. & Robinson, W. T. (1993). An empirical pooling approach for estimating marketing mix elasticities with PIMS data. Marketing Science, 12, 103–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Richardson, V. (1996). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula (Ed.), Handbook of research on teacher education (pp. 102–119). New York, NY: Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Rölke, H. (2012). The itembuilder: a graphical authoring system for complex item development. In Association for the Advancement of Computers in Education (AACE) (Ed.). World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education (ELEARN) (pp. 344–353).Google Scholar
- Schaarschmidt, U. & Fischer, A. W. (2001). Bewältigungsmuster im Beruf [Coping strategies on the job]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.Google Scholar
- Scheerens, J. (2004). Review of school and effectiveness research: Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2005. The Quality Imperative. Paris, France:: UNESCO.Google Scholar
- Schoenfeld, A. H. & Kilpatrick, J. (2008). Toward a theory of proficiency in teaching mathematics. In D. Tirosh & T. Wood (Eds.), International handbook of mathematics teacher education, volume 2: Tools and processes in mathematics teacher education (pp. 321–354). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense.Google Scholar
- Schwartz, G. E. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6(2), 461–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Seidel, T., Blomberg, G. & Stürmer, K. (2010). “Observer”: Validierung eines videobasierten Instruments zur Erfassung der professionellen Wahrnehmung von Unterricht [“Observer”: Validating a video-based instrument meant to assess the professional perception of instruction]. Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 56, 296–306.Google Scholar
- Shen, J., Leslie, J.M., Spybrook, J.K. & Ma, X. (2011). Are principal background and school processes related to teacher job satisfaction? A multilevel study using schools and staffing survey 2003–04. American Educational Research Journal, 49(2), 200–230.Google Scholar
- Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57, 1–22.Google Scholar
- Stipek, D., Givvin, K., Salmon, J. & MacGyvers, V. (2001). Teachers’ beliefs and practices related to mathematics instruction. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 213–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Swanson, H. L., O’Connor, J. E. & Cooney, J. B. (1990). An information processing analysis of expert and novice teachers’ problem solving. American Educational Research Journal, 27, 533–556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Tatto, M. T., Schwille, J., Senk, S. L., Ingvarson, L., Rowley, G., Peck, R., Bankov, K., Rodriguez, M. & Reckase, M. (2012). Policy, practice, and readiness to teach primary and secondary mathematics in 17 countries. Findings from the IEA Teacher and Development Study in Mathematics (TEDS-M). Amsterdam: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).Google Scholar
- The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2009). Creating effective teaching and learning environments: First results from TALIS. Paris, France: Author.Google Scholar
- Thompson, A. G. (1992). Teachers’ beliefs and conceptions: A synthesis of research. In D. A. Grouws (Ed.), Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (pp. 127–146). New York, NY: Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Tschannen-Moran, M., Hoy, A. & Hoy, W. (1998). Teacher efficacy: It’s meaning and measure. Review of Educational Research, 68, 202–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Van Es, E. A. & Sherin, M. G. (2002). Learning to notice: Scaffolding new teachers’ interpretations of classroom interactions. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 10(4), 571–596.Google Scholar
- Veenman, S. (1984). Perceived problems of beginning teachers. Review of Educational Research, 54, 143–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wang, J., Odell, S.J. & Schwille, Sh. A. (2008). Effects of teacher induction on beginning teachers’ teaching: A critical review of the literature. Journal of Teacher Education, 59 Google Scholar
- Watt, H. M. G. & Richardson, P. W. (2008). Motivations, perceptions, and aspirations concerning teaching as a career for different types of beginning teachers. Learning and Instruction, 18, 408–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Woolfolk Hoy, A. & Burke-Spero, R. (2005). Changes in teacher efficacy during the early years of teaching: A comparison of four measures. Teaching and Teacher Education, 21, 343–356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar