Glycoconjugate Journal

, Volume 34, Issue 3, pp 339–349 | Cite as

Glycosaminoglycanomics: where we are

Review
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

Glycosaminoglycans regulate numerous physiopathological processes such as development, angiogenesis, innate immunity, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell surface GAGs are involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, cell adhesion and signaling, and host-pathogen interactions. GAGs contribute to the assembly of the extracellular matrix and heparan sulfate chains are able to sequester growth factors in the ECM. Their biological activities are regulated by their interactions with proteins. The structural heterogeneity of GAGs, mostly due to chemical modifications occurring during and after their synthesis, makes the development of analytical techniques for their profiling in cells, tissues, and biological fluids, and of computational tools for mining GAG-protein interaction data very challenging. We give here an overview of the experimental approaches used in glycosaminoglycomics, of the major GAG-protein interactomes characterized so far, and of the computational tools and databases available to analyze and store GAG structures and interactions.

Keywords

Glycosaminoglycomics Glycosaminoglycan-protein interaction Heparanome Interaction networks Bioinformatics Databases 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The creation and maintenance of MatrixDB database mentioned in this review was supported in part by the European Commission to SRB (PSIMEx grant FP7-HEALTH-2007-223411), and by the grant n° DBI20141231336 awarded to SRB by the “Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale”.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et SupramoléculairesUMR 5246 CNRS - Université Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE LyonVilleurbanne CedexFrance
  2. 2.SIB Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsGenevaSwitzerland
  3. 3.Computer Science DepartmentUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

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