Euphytica

, Volume 201, Issue 3, pp 423–440 | Cite as

Combining ability and heterosis for yield and drought tolerance traits under managed drought stress in sweetpotato

  • Kivuva Benjamin Musembi
  • Stephen Mwangi Githiri
  • George Craig Yencho
  • Julia Sibiya
Article
First Online:
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Accepted:

Abstract

Drought is among sweetpotato production constraints in sub-Saharan Africa. Two studies were conducted on 15 F1 sweetpotato families (G1-G15) generated using a half-diallel mating scheme of six parents. The first experiment was conducted at Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Kiboko, using split plot design under drought stress and no drought stress replicated twice and repeated thrice between January 2012 and June 2013. The second study was conducted in the screen house at KARI, Muguga using randomized complete block design. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for storage root yield (FSR), total biomass (BIO), harvest index (HI), marketable number of storage roots (MNR) and root dry matter (%RDM) were significant (P ≤ 0.05) under both conditions. GCA/SCA ratio for FSR, HI, and %RDM under both conditions, ranged 0.51–0.76, thus, additive gene effects were more important than non-additive genes effects. G15, G5 and G7 had the highest significant (P ≤ 0.05) FSR SCA effects under drought stress while G15, G7, and G12 had the highest under no drought stress. Progenies G8-8, G15-5 and G15-8, had the highest FSR mid and best parent heterosis ranging 117.8–269.6 % under drought. Drought susceptible parents P3, P4 and P5 had the highest yielding crosses under drought,which were also high yielding under no drought [G15 (P3 × P5) and G5 (P4 × P5)]. Thus, these parents probably were carriers of the drought tolerant genes (heterozygous recessive). This suggests that the drought tolerance alleles could be homozygous recessive, which may be confirmed in further studies.

Keywords

Combining ability Homozygous recessive Drought tolerance Gene effects Heterosis 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors deeply appreciate the Director, KARI for allowing the undertaking of this study, AGRA for funding the study through African Centre for Crop Improvement (ACCI), based at the University of Kwa Zulu Natal, and International Potato Centre for technical support during the study. Lastly, the authors greatly appreciate the technicians at KARI Muguga South for their technical field support during the study.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Kivuva Benjamin Musembi
    • 1
    • 2
  • Stephen Mwangi Githiri
    • 3
  • George Craig Yencho
    • 4
  • Julia Sibiya
    • 2
  1. 1.Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI)NairobiKenya
  2. 2.African Centre for Crop ImprovementUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
  3. 3.Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobiKenya
  4. 4.Department of Horticultural ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighUSA

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