The Environmentalist

, Volume 27, Issue 3, pp 357–363 | Cite as

Cobalt and zinc removal from aqueous solution by chemically treated bentonite

  • Reyad A. Shawabkeh
  • Omar A. Al-Khashman
  • Hamzeh S. Al-Omari
  • Ali F. Shawabkeh
Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Natural bentonite was treated by hydrochloric, nitric, and phosphoric acids followed by washing with sodium hydroxide in order to enhance its adsorption capacity. The sample that treated with hydrochloric acid followed by further treatment with NaOH showed the highest cation exchange capacity with a value of 51.20 meq/100 g. The zero-point of charge for this sample was found to be 4.50. Adsorption isotherms for both cobalt and zinc were fitted using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson and showed an adsorption capacity of 138.1 mg Co2+ and 202.6 mg Zn2+ per gram of treated sample.

Keywords

Cobalt Zinc Heavy metals Pollution Adsorption Bentonite Treatment 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Al-Degs, Y., Tutunjy, M., & Shawabkeh, R. (2000). The feasibility of using diatomite and Mn-diatomite for remediation of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ from water. Separation Science and Technology, 35, 2299–2310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Al-Omari, H. (2003). Study of the adsorption of Ni2+ and Cu2+ by Tripoli. Mutah Lil-Buhuth wad-Dirasat, 18, 77–94.Google Scholar
  3. Alvarez-Ayuso, E., & Garcia-Sanchez, A. (2003). Removal of heavy metals from waste water by natural and Na-exchanged bentonites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 51, 475–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Appel, G., Ma, L., Rhue, R., & Kennelley, E. (2003). Point of zero charge determination in soils and minerals via traditional methods and detection of electroacoustic mobility. Geoderma, 113, 77–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Bhattacharyya, D., Hestekin, J., Brushaber, P., Cullen, L., Bachas, L., & Sikdar, S. (1998). Novel poly-glutamic acid functionalized microfiltration membranes for sorption of heavy metals at high capacity. Journal of Membrane Science, 141, 121–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Barbier, F., Duc, G., & Petit-Ramel, M. (2000). Adsorption of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solutions to the montmorillonite/water interface. Colloid and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 166, 153–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Chen, G., Dussert, B., & Suffet, I. (1997). Evaluation of granular activated carbons for removal of methyllisoborneol to below odor threshold concentrations in drinking water. Water Research, 31, 1155–1163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Chiou, M., & Li, H. (2002). Equilibrium and kinetic modeling of adsorption of reactive dye on cross-linked chitosan beads. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 93, 233–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Chu, H., & Hashim, M. (2003). Kinetic studies of copper(II) and nickel(II) adsorption by oil palm ash. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 9, 163–167.Google Scholar
  10. Corey, R. B. (1981). Adsorption vs. precipitation. In: M. A. Anderson & A. J. Rubin (Eds.), Adsorption of inorganics at solid–liquid interfaces (pp. 161–182). Ann Arbor, MI: Annals of Arbor Science Publisher.Google Scholar
  11. Freundlich, H. (1906). Over the adsorption in solution. Journal for Physical Chemistry, 57A, 385–470.Google Scholar
  12. Ho, Y., & McKay, G. (2000). The kinetics of divalent metal ions onto sphagnum moss peat. Water Research, 34, 735–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. James, R., & Healy, T. (1972). Adsorption of hydrolysable metal ions at the oxide—water interface. II. Charge reversal of SiO2 and TiO2 colloids by adsorbed Co(II), La(III), and Th(IV) as model systems. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 40, 53–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Jandova, J., Maixner, J., & Grygar, T. (2002). Processing of zinc galvanic waste sludge by selective precipitation. Ceramics, 46, 52–55.Google Scholar
  15. Kahr, G., & Madsen, F. (1995). Determination of cation exchange capacity and the surface area of bentonite, illite and kaolinite by methylene blue sorption. Applied Clay Science, 9, 327–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Karahan, S., Yurdakoç, M., Seki, Y., & Yurdakoç, K. (2006). Removal of boron from aqueous solution by clays and modified clays. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 293, 36–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Kaya, A., & Oren, A. (2005). Adsorption of zinc from aqueous solutions to bentonite. Journal of Hazardous Materials B, 125, 183–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Khan, S., Riaz-ur-Rehhman, & Khan, M. (1995). Adsorption of chromium (III), chromium (VI) and silver (I) on bentonite. Waste Management, 15, 255–312.Google Scholar
  19. Konishi, S., Saito, K., Furusaki, S., & Takanobu, S. (1996). Binary metal ion sorption during permeation through chelating porous membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 111, 1–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Kosmulski, M. (2002). The pH-dependent surface charging and the points of zero charge. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 253, 77–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Langmuir, I. (1916). The constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 38(11), 2221–2295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Lin, S., & Juang, R. (2002). Heavy metal removal from water by sorption using surfactant-modified montmorillonite. Journal of Hazardous Materials B, 92, 315–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Manning, B., & Goldberg, S. (1997). Adsorption and stability of arsenic at the clay mineral-water interface. Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 2005–2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Mavrov, V., Erwe, T., Blöcher, C., & Chmiel, H. (2003). Study of new integrated processes combining adsorption, membrane separation and flotation for heavy metal removal from wastewater. Desalination, 157, 97–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. Murray, J. (1975). The interaction of colbalt with hydrous manganese dioxide. Geochimica et Cosmochima Acta, 39, 635–647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Noble, R. (1995). Membrane Separations Technology: Principles and applications. Elsevier.Google Scholar
  27. Oren, A., & Kaya A. (2006). Factors affecting adsorption characteristics of Zn2+ on two natural zeolites. Journal of Hazardous Material B, 131, 59–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Rashed, M. (2001). Lead removal from contaminated water using mineral adsorbents. The Environmentalists, 21, 187–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Sengupta, A. (1997). Ion Exchange Technology. Pennsylvania: Technomic Publ. Co. Inc.Google Scholar
  30. Shawabkeh, R., Rockstraw, D., & Bhada, R. (2002). Copper and strontium adsorption by a novel carbon material manufactured from pecan shells. Carbon, 40, 781–786.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Sheta, A., Falatah, A., Al-Sewailem, M., Khaled, E., & Sallam, A. (2003). Sorption characteristics of␣zinc and iron by natural zeolite and bentonite. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 61, 127–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Smiciklas, I., Milonjic, S., Pfendt, P., & Raicevic, S. (2000). The point of zero charge and sorption of cadmium (II) and strontium (II) ions on synthetic hydroxyapatitew. Separation and Purification Technology, 18, 185–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  • Reyad A. Shawabkeh
    • 1
  • Omar A. Al-Khashman
    • 2
  • Hamzeh S. Al-Omari
    • 3
  • Ali F. Shawabkeh
    • 4
  1. 1.Department of Chemical EngineeringMutah UniversityAl KarakJordan
  2. 2.Department of Environmental EngineeringAl-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMa’anJordan
  3. 3.Department of ChemistryMutah UniversityAl KarakJordan
  4. 4.Department of Basic SciencesAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmmanJordan

Personalised recommendations