Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

, Volume 184, Issue 2, pp 763–776 | Cite as

Water quality evaluation of two interconnected dam lakes with field-captured and laboratory-acclimated fish, Cyprinus carpio

Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:
  • 224 Downloads

Abstract

Karakaya and Sultansuyu Dam Lakes, located in the eastern part of Turkey, are important water sources, both for irrigation and fishery. The main goal of the study was to investigate water qualities of dam lakes using a set of biomarkers in the fish Cyprinus carpio. For this aim, field sample and laboratory-acclimated fish were compared to identify changes in selected biomarkers. The activities of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and carboxylesterase were determined in liver samples. Also, plasma and liver lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were assayed. Brain acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase activities were also determined. The hepatosomatic index and condition factors were calculated. Plasma vitellogenin assays were evaluated for the presence of xenoestrogen. Physicochemical values of water samples showed the existence of eutrophication risk, and also, some chemicals in both lakes were determined to be over tolerable limits. The comparisons of samples from both dam lake and laboratory-acclimated fish showed that the lakes may be at risk of pollution by some xenobiotics, namely xenoestrogens and acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting agents.

Keywords

Biomonitoring Water pollution Cyprinus carpio Vitellogenin Enzyme activity 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Agrahari, S., Pandey, K. C., & Gopal, K. (2007). Biochemical alteration induced by monocrotophos in the blood plasma of fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 88, 268–272.Google Scholar
  2. Aït-Aïssa, S., Ausseil, O., Palluel, O., Vindimian, E., Garnier-Laplace, J., & Porcher, J. M. (2003). Biomarker responses in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after single and combined exposure to low doses of cadmium, zinc, PCB77 and 17beta-oestradiol. Biomarkers, 8, 491–508.Google Scholar
  3. Allen, Y., Matthiessen, P., Scott, A. P., Haworth, S., Feist, S., & Thain, J. E. (1999). The extent of oestrogenic contamination in the UK estuarine and marine environments—further surveys of flounder. The Science of the Total Environment, 233, 5–20.Google Scholar
  4. Anonymous (2006a). Karakaya Dam, General Directory of State Hydraulic Works, Turkey. http://www.dsi.gov.tr/baraj/detayeng.cfm?BarajID=104. Accessed 10 May 2010.
  5. Anonymous (2006b). Sultansuyu Dam. General Directory of State Hydraulic Works, Turkey. http://www.dsi.gov.tr/baraj/detayeng.cfm?BarajID=148. Accessed 10 May 2010.
  6. Arufe, M. I., Arellano, J. M., Albendin, G., & Sarasquete, C. (2009). Toxicity of parathion on embryo and yolk-sac larvae of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.): Effects on survival, cholinesterase, and carboxylesterase activity. Environmental Toxicology. doi: 10.1002/tox.20521.Google Scholar
  7. Bervoets, L., Van Campenhout, K., Reynders, H., Knapen, D., Covaci, A., & Blust, R. (2009). Bioaccumulation of micropollutants and biomarker responses in caged carp (Cyprinus carpio). Ecotoxicology Environmental Safety, 72, 720–728.Google Scholar
  8. Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248–254.Google Scholar
  9. Bugel, S. M., White, L.A., & Cooper, K. R. (2010). Impaired reproductive health of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting Newark Bay, NJ, a chronically contaminated estuary. Aquatic Toxicology, 96, 182–193.Google Scholar
  10. Carballo, M., Aguayo, S., de la Torre, A., & Muñoz, M. J. (2005). Plasma vitellogenin levels and gonadal morphology of wild carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in a receiving rivers downstream of sewage treatment plants. The Science of the Total Environment, 341, 71–79.Google Scholar
  11. de Aguiar, L. H., Moraes, G., Avilez, I. M., Altran A. E., & Corrêa, C. F. (2004). Metabolical effects of Folidol 600 on the neotropical freshwater fish matrinxã, Brycon cephalus. Environmental Research, 95, 224–230.Google Scholar
  12. de la Torre, F. R., Salibian, A., & Ferrari, L. (2007). Assessment of the pollution impact on biomarkers of effect of a freshwater fish. Chemosphere, 68, 1582–1590.Google Scholar
  13. Dorabawila, N., & Gupta, G (2005). Endocrine disrupter—estradiol—in Chesapeake Bay tributaries. Journal of Hazardous Materials, A120, 67–71.Google Scholar
  14. Ellman, G. L., Courtney, K. D., Andres, V. J., & Featherstone, R. M. (1961). A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochemical Pharmacology, 7, 88–95.Google Scholar
  15. Escartin, E., & Porte, C. (1997). The use of cholinesterase and carboxylesterase activities from Mytilus galloprovincialis in pollution monitoring. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16, 2090–2095.Google Scholar
  16. Fernandes, C., Fontaínhas-Fernandes, A., Rocha, E., & Salgado, M. A. (2008). Monitoring pollution in Esmoriz–Paramos lagoon, Portugal: Liver histological and biochemical effects in Liza saliens. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 145, 315–322.Google Scholar
  17. Ferreira, M., Moradas-Ferreira, P., & Reis-Henriques, M. A. (2006). The effect of long-term depuration on phase I and phase II biotransformation in mullets (Mugil cephalus) chronically exposed to pollutants in River Douro Estuary, Portugal. Marine Environmental Research, 61, 326–338.Google Scholar
  18. Flammarion, P., Migeon, B., & Garric, J. (1998). Statistical analysis of cyprinid ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase data in a large French watershed. Ecotoxicology Environmental Safety, 40, 144–153.Google Scholar
  19. Fulton, M. H., & Key, P. B. (2001). Acetylcholinesterase inhibition in estuarine fish and invertebrates as an indicator of organophosphorus insecticide exposure and effects. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 20, 37–45.Google Scholar
  20. Greco, L., Capri, E., & Rustad, T. (2007). Biochemical responses in Salmo salar muscle following exposure to ethynylestradiol and tributyltin. Chemosphere, 68, 564–571.Google Scholar
  21. Habig, W. H., Pabst, M. J., & Jakoby, W. B. (1974). Glutathione-S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 249, 7130–7139.Google Scholar
  22. Hasselberg, L., Meier, S., & Svardal, A. (2004). Effects of alkylphenols on redox status in first spawning Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Aquatic Toxicology, 69, 95–105.Google Scholar
  23. Hinck, J. E., Blazer, V. S., Denslow, N. D., Echols, K. R., Gale, R. W., Wieser, C., et al. (2008). Chemical contaminants, health indicators, and reproductive biomarker responses in fish from rivers in the Southeastern United States. The Science of the Total Environment, 390, 538–557.Google Scholar
  24. Iramain, C. A., Owasoyo, J. O., & Egbunike, G. N. (1980). Influence of estradiol on acetylcholinesterase activity in several female rat brain areas and adenohypophysis. Neuroscience Letters, 16, 81–84.Google Scholar
  25. Isoda, H., Talorete, T. P., Kimura, M., Maekawa, T., Inamori, Y., Nakajima, N., et al. (2002). Phytoestrogens genistein and daidzin enhance the acetylcholinesterase activity of the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 by binding to the estrogen receptor. Cytotechnology, 40, 117–123.Google Scholar
  26. Janssen, P. A. H., Lambert, J. G. D., & Goos, H. J. T. (1995). The annual ovarian cycle and the influence of pollution on vitellogenesis in the flounder, Pleuronectes flesus. Journal of Fish Biology, 47, 509–523.Google Scholar
  27. Johnson, L. K., Lomax, D. P., Myers, M. S., Olson, O. P., Sol, S. Y., O’Neill, S. M., et al. (2008). Xenoestrogen exposure and effects in English sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound, WA. Aquatic Toxicology, 88, 29–38.Google Scholar
  28. Khan, R. A. (2006). Assessment of stress-related bioindicators in winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) exposed to discharges from a pulp and paper mill in Newfoundland: A 5-year field study. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 51, 103–110.Google Scholar
  29. Kime, D. E. (1999). Environmentally induced endocrine abnormalities in fish. In R. E. Hester, & R. M. Harrison (Eds.), Issues in environmental science and technology no. 12: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (pp. 27–48). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry.Google Scholar
  30. Kirby, M. F., Smith, A. J., Rooke, J., Neall, P., Scott, A. P., & Katsiadaki, I. (2007). Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and vitellogenin (VTG) in flounder (Platichthys flesus): System interaction, crosstalk and implications for monitoring. Aquatic Toxicology, 81, 233–244.Google Scholar
  31. Li, M.-H., & Wang, Z.-R (2005). Effect of nonylphenol on plasma vitellogenin of male adult guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Environmental Toxicology, 20, 53–59.Google Scholar
  32. Lopes, P. A, Pinheiro, T., Santos, M. C., Mathias, M. L., Collares-Pereira, M. J., & Viegas-Crespo, A. M. (2001). Response of antioxidant enzymes in freshwater fish populations (Leuciscus alburnoides complex) to inorganic pollutants exposure. The Science of the Total Environment, 280, 153–163.Google Scholar
  33. Marchetti, C. (2003). Molecular targets of lead in brain neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicity Research, 5, 221–236.Google Scholar
  34. Matsumoto, T., Kobayashi, M., Nihei, Y., Kaneko, T., Fukada, H., Hirano, K., et al. (2002). Plasma vitellogenin levels in male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and crucian carp (Carassius cuvieri) of Lake Kasumigaura. Fisheries Science, 68, 1055–1066.Google Scholar
  35. Menezes, S., Soares, A. M. V. M., Guilhermino, L., & Peck, M. R. (2006). Biomarker responses of the estuarine brown shrimp Crangon crangon L. to non-toxic stressors: Temperature, salinity and handling stress effects. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 335, 114–122.Google Scholar
  36. Navas, J. M., & Segner, H (2001). Estrogen-mediated suppression of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) expression in rainbow trout hepatocytes: Role of estrogen receptor. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 138, 285–298.Google Scholar
  37. Nriagu, J. O., Lawson, G., Wong, H. K. T., & Azcue, J. M. (1993). A protocol for minimizing contamination in the analysis of trace metals in Great Lakes waters. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 19, 175–182.Google Scholar
  38. Ozmen, M., Dominguez, S. E., & Fairbrother, A. (1998). Effects of dietary azinphos methyl on selected plasma and tissue biomarkers of the greytailed vole. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 60, 194–201.Google Scholar
  39. Ozmen, M., Sener, S., Mete, A., & Kucukbay, H. (1999). In vitro and in vivo acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting effect of new classes of organophophorus compounds. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18, 241–246.Google Scholar
  40. Ozmen, M., Güngördü, A., Kücükbay, F. Z., & Güler, R. E. (2006). Monitoring the effects of water pollution on Cyprinus carpio in Karakaya Dam Lake, Turkey. Ecotoxicology, 15, 157–169.Google Scholar
  41. Pereira, R. T., Porto, C. S., Godinho, R. O., & Abdalla, F. M. (2008). Effects of estrogen on intracellular signaling pathways linked to activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and on acetylcholinesterase activity in rat hippocampus. Biochemical Pharmacology, 75, 1827–1834.Google Scholar
  42. Pfeifer, S., Schiedek, D., & Dippner J. W. (2005). Effect of temperature and salinity on acetylcholinesterase activity, a common pollution biomarker, in Mytilus sp. from the south-western Baltic Sea. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 320, 93–103.Google Scholar
  43. Quintaneiro, C., Querido, D., Monteiro, M., Guilhermino, L., Morgado, F., & Soares, A. M. V. M. (2008). Transport and acclimation conditions for the use of an estuarine fish (Pomatoschistus microps) in ecotoxicity bioassays: Effects on enzymatic biomarkers. Chemosphere, 71, 1803–1808.Google Scholar
  44. Santhoshkumar, P., & Shivanandappa, T. (1999). In vitro sequestration of two organophosphorus homologs by the rat liver. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 119–120, 277–282.Google Scholar
  45. Schmitt, C. J., Hinck, J. E., Blazer, V. S., Denslow, N. D., Dethloff, G. M., Bartish, T. M., et al. (2005). Environmental contaminants and biomarker responses in fish from the Rio Grande and its U.S. tributaries: Spatial and temporal trends. The Science of the Total Environment, 350, 161–193.Google Scholar
  46. Sloof, W., Van Kreijl, C. F., & Baars, A. J. (1983). Relative liver weights and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes of fish from polluted surface waters in the Netherlands. Aquatic Toxicology, 4, 1–14.Google Scholar
  47. Solé, M., Barceló, D., & Porte, C. (2002). Seasonal variation of plasmatic and hepatic vitellogenin and EROD activity in carp, Cyprinus carpio, in relation to sewage treatment plants. Aquatic Toxicology, 60, 233–248.Google Scholar
  48. Stansley, W., & Washuta, E. J. (2007). Initial survey of plasma vitellogenin and gonadal development in male carp (Cyprinus carpio) from three locations in New Jersey, USA. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 78, 181–185.Google Scholar
  49. Stephensen, E., Sturve J., & Förlin, L. (2002). Effects of redox cycling compounds on glutathione content and activity of glutathione-related enzymes in rainbow trout liver. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 133, 435–442.Google Scholar
  50. Teles, M., Pacheco, M., & Santos, M. A. (2005). Sparus aurata L. liver EROD and GST activities, plasma cortisol, lactate, glucose and erythrocytic nuclear anomalies following short-term exposure either to 17β -estradiol (E2) or E2 combined with 4-nonylphenol. The Science of the Total Environment, 336, 57–69.Google Scholar
  51. Teles, M., Pacheco, M., & Santos, M. A. (2006). Biotransformation, stress and genotoxic effects of 17β-estradiol in juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Environment International, 32, 470–477.Google Scholar
  52. van der Oost, R., Beyer, J., & Vermeulen, N. P. E. (2003). Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: A review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13, 57–149.Google Scholar
  53. Wheelock, C. E., Eder, K. J., Werner, I., Huang, H., Jones, P. D., Brammell, B., et al. (2005). Individual variability in esterase activity and CYP1A levels in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) exposed to esfenvalerate and chlorpyrifos. Aquatic Toxicology, 74, 172–192.Google Scholar
  54. Whyte, J. J., Jung, R. E., Schmitt, C. J., & Tillitt, D. E. (2000). Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in fish as a biomarker of chemical exposure. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 30, 347–570.Google Scholar
  55. WPCR (2004). Water pollution control regulation of Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Turkish Official Gazette. Issue: 25687.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and ScienceInonu UniversityMalatyaTurkey

Personalised recommendations