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Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water of Karachi City (Pakistan)

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Abstract

The ground and municipal water supply samples of Karachi city were analyzed for their fluoride contents. The fluoride contents in water samples collected from the subsurface and river sources were found below the WHO recommended value for the general health of the people. However, in some industrial areas the groundwater sample showed higher level of fluoride concentration. Continuous monitoring of water resources and cautious fluoridation is suggested to maintain proper status of fluoride concentration in the drinking water.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Azhar Siddique, Majid Mumtaz, Sumayya Saied & Zahida Karim

  2. Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Nayyer A. Zaigham

Authors
  1. Azhar Siddique
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  2. Majid Mumtaz
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  3. Sumayya Saied
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  4. Zahida Karim
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  5. Nayyer A. Zaigham
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Correspondence to Azhar Siddique.

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Siddique, A., Mumtaz, M., Saied, S. et al. Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water of Karachi City (Pakistan). Environ Monit Assess 120, 177–185 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9056-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9056-x

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