Environmental and Resource Economics

, Volume 40, Issue 1, pp 109–120 | Cite as

Testing for Convergence in Carbon Dioxide Emissions Using a Century of Panel Data

Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

This paper tests the convergence in per-capita carbon dioxide emissions for a collection of developed and developing countries using data spanning the period 1870–2002. For this purpose, three recently developed panel unit root tests that permit for dependence among the individual countries are employed. The results lend strong support in favor of convergence for the panel as a whole. Estimates of the speed of this convergence is also provided.

Keywords

Emissions convergence Panel unit root tests Common factors Half-life 

JEL Classification

C32 C33 Q28 Q54 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Aldy JE (2006). Per capita carbon dioxide emissions: convergence or divergence?. Environ Resource Econ 33: 533–555 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Andrews DWK (1993). Exactly median-unbiased estimation of first order autoregressive/unit root models. Econometrica 61: 139–165 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Bai J and Ng S (2004). A PANIC attack on unit roots and cointegration. Econometrica 72: 1127–1177 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Benerjee A, Marcellino M and Osbat C (2004). Some cautions on the use of panel methods for integrated series of macro-economic data. Econometr J 7: 322–340 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Carlino GA and Mills LO (1993). Are U.S. regional incomes converging? A time series analysis. J Monet Econ 32: 335–346 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Ericsson NR, Halket JR (2002) Convergence of output in the G-7 countries. Mimeo, Division of International Finance, Federal Reserve BoardGoogle Scholar
  7. Evans P (1998). Using panel data to evaluate growth theories. Int Econ Rev 39: 295–306 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Im KS, Pesaran MH and Shin Y (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogenous panels. J Econometr 115: 53–74 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2000) Emissions scenarios, special report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. In: Nakicenovic N, Swart R (eds) Cambridge University Press, UKGoogle Scholar
  10. Lanne M and Liski M (2004). Trends and breaks in per-capita carbon dioxide emissions, 1870-2028. Energy J 25: 41–65 Google Scholar
  11. Maddison A (2006) World population, GDP and per capita GDP, 1-2003 AD. Available online at http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/Google Scholar
  12. Marland G, Boden TA, Andres RJ (2006) Global, regional, and national CO2 emissions. In trends: A compendium of data on global change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A. Available online at http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/em_cont.htmGoogle Scholar
  13. McKitrick R, Strazicich MC (2005) Stationarity of global per capita carbon dioxide emissions: Implications for global warming scenarios. Working Papers 05-03, Department of Economics, Appalachian State UniversityGoogle Scholar
  14. Moon HR and Perron B (2004). Testing for a unit root in panels with dynamic factors. J Econometr 122: 81–126 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Newey W and West K (1994). Autocovariance lag selection in covariance matrix estimation. Rev Econ Studies 61: 613–653 Google Scholar
  16. Nickell S (1981). Biases in dynamic models with fixed effects. Econometrica 49: 1417–1426 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Phillips PCB and Sul D (2003). Dynamic panel estimation and homogeneity testing under cross section dependence. Econometr J 6: 217–259 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Stegman A, McKibbin WJ (2005) Convergence and per capita carbon emission. Brookings Discussion Papers in International Economics No. 167Google Scholar
  19. Strazicich MC and List JA (2003). Are CO2 emissions level converging among industrial countries?. Environ Resource Econ 24: 263–271 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (1995). Strategies and policies for air pollution abatement: 1994 major review prepared under the convention on long-range transboundary air pollution. ECE/EBAIR/44. UNECE. New York and GenevaGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of EconomicsLund UniversityLundSweden
  2. 2.Department of EconomicsYork UniversityTorontoCanada

Personalised recommendations