Conservation Genetics

, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp 837–853 | Cite as

Dispersal patterns and population structuring among platypuses, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, throughout south-eastern Australia

  • E. M. Furlan
  • J. Griffiths
  • N. Gust
  • K. A. Handasyde
  • T. R. Grant
  • B. Gruber
  • A. R. Weeks
Research Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Dispersal patterns can have a major impact on the dynamics and viability of populations, and understanding these patterns is crucial to the conservation and management of a species. In this study, patterns of sex-biased dispersal and waterway/overland dispersal are investigated in the endemic Australian platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, a semi-aquatic monotreme. Analyses of over 750 individuals from south-eastern Australia at 13 microsatellite loci and two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase subunit II, provide genetic insight into dispersal patterns. For the first time, platypuses of western Victoria are shown to be genetically distinct from other populations of the mainland. Despite distinct morphological differentiation either side of the Great Dividing Range, populations remain genetically similar between coastal and inland areas suggesting gene flow is likely to occur across these ranges. Landscape genetic analyses indicate variability in dispersal patterns between Victorian and Tasmanian platypuses with a greater avoidance of overland travel indicated in Victoria compared to Tasmania. Females appear to remain within their natal area or return to breed, maintaining greater genetic structure in maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA in comparison to nuclear DNA and sharing genetic similarity within a short river distance (i.e. ≤1.4 km). The results of this study provide a valuable spatial framework for the management of wild platypus populations within south-eastern Australia and a baseline for future monitoring of populations that are likely to be impacted by environmental and anthropogenic change.

Keywords

Sex-biased dispersal Semi-aquatic Microsatellites mtDNA Genetic diversity Phylogeography Landscape genetics 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Holsworth Wildlife Research Fund, Melbourne Water, Albert Shimmins Memorial Fund and the Australian Government via both NRM North and the ‘Caring for Our Country’ Program for funding. ARW was funded by an Australian Research Council Research Fellowship. We thank Michael Driessen and Annie Philips from DPIW and the many volunteers for help collecting samples. Thanks also to Dean Gilligan and Michael Rodgers of NSW DPI who collected the samples from the Gwydir and Border Rivers systems and Melody Serena and Geoff Williams of the Australian Platypus Conservancy who provided samples from the Snowy and La Trobe river systems. Thanks also to Adam Miller for assistance with molecular work and data analysis. This work was carried out with ethics approval and wildlife research permits for Victoria (DPI 09.07, DPI fisheries RP-88-52, RP-90-115, RP-90-197, RP-91-159 and RP907, DSE 10004130, netting permits FAG/CB/1989-PAN-2 and FOP/BART/30), Tasmania (DPIW 16/2007-08, Tasmanian Inland Fisheries 2007/47) and NSW (Department of Environment and Climate Change Scientific Research License #S10478, DPI Scientific Research Permit #F84.1245 and DPI Animal Research Authority—Trim File No. 01/1091).

Supplementary material

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Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 62 kb)
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Supplementary material 2 (PDF 87 kb)
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Supplementary material 3 (PDF 100 kb)
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Supplementary material 4 (JPG 499 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013

Authors and Affiliations

  • E. M. Furlan
    • 1
  • J. Griffiths
    • 2
    • 3
  • N. Gust
    • 7
  • K. A. Handasyde
    • 4
  • T. R. Grant
    • 5
  • B. Gruber
    • 6
  • A. R. Weeks
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of GeneticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
  2. 2.CesarParkvilleAustralia
  3. 3.Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and EnvironmentResource Management and Conservation DivisionHobartAustralia
  4. 4.Department of ZoologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
  5. 5.School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
  6. 6.Institute for Applied EcologyThe University of CanberraBruceAustralia
  7. 7.Biofouling SolutionsKingstonAustralia

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