Cell and Tissue Banking

, Volume 17, Issue 1, pp 69–83 | Cite as

Evaluating the bone regeneration in calvarial defect using osteoblasts differentiated from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on three different scaffolds: an animal study

  • Hassan Semyari
  • Mahmood Rajipour
  • Shabnam Sabetkish
  • Nastaran Sabetkish
  • Fatemeh Mashhadi Abbas
  • Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three different scaffolds on the viability and differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) to osteoblast for bone regeneration of calvarial defect in rabbit model. Adipose was harvested from the nape of 12 rabbits by direct surgery or hollow-tip cannula. Two standardized circular calvarial defects (case and control), 8 mm in diameter each, were created in all the animals. The animals were divided into 3 different groups. In group 1 (G1), the defect was filled with polyamide + ADMSC. In group 2, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid + ADMSC was used. In group 3, decellularized amniotic membrane + ADMSC was applied. In the control defect, the non-seeded scaffolds were applied for filling the defect. Decellularized pericardial scaffolds were used as a membrane on the scaffolds. The animals were euthanized 2, 4, and 8 weeks of operation and new bone formation was assessed by different analyses. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with osteopontin and osteocalcin antibodies was also performed. After 2 weeks of wound healing, minimal bone regeneration was detected in all groups. Almost complete defect closure was observed in all experimental groups after 8 weeks of operation, with the greatest defect closure in the animals treated with polyamide scaffolds as compared to biopsies obtained from control defects and other experimental groups. The maximal tensile load was higher in G1, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, suggesting the usefulness of polyamide + ADMSC for bone regeneration in calvarial defects. Results of the IHC staining demonstrated a significant difference between seeded and non-seeded scaffold in both short- and long-term follow-ups (P < 0.05). In addition, a significant difference was observed in enhancement of IHC staining of both markers in polyamide group (seeded or non-seeded) 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively in comparison with other scaffolds. It was concluded that bone regeneration in critical calvarial defect was more successful in seeded polyamide.

Keywords

Adipose Mesenchymal stem cells Calvaria Bone regeneration Scaffold 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

We highly appreciate Dr. Laleh Nikfarjam at the Pediatric Urology Research Center for collaborating in cell culture section of this experimental study. Special thanks to associated professor Masoud Soleimani at the Department of Hematology, School of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University for performing the IHC staining of the current study.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of interest

None of the authors has direct or indirect commercial financial incentive associating with publishing the article and does not have any conflict of interest, and will sign the Disclosing Form.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hassan Semyari
    • 1
  • Mahmood Rajipour
    • 1
  • Shabnam Sabetkish
    • 2
  • Nastaran Sabetkish
    • 2
  • Fatemeh Mashhadi Abbas
    • 3
  • Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
    • 2
  1. 1.Department of Periodontics, Faculty of DentistryShahed UniversityTehranIslamic Republic of Iran
  2. 2.Pediatric Urology Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children’s Hospital Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIslamic Republic of Iran
  3. 3.Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of DentistryShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIslamic Republic of Iran

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