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Prevention and rehabilitation of osteoporosis

Prävention und Rehabilitation der Osteoporose

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Summary

Osteoporosis is a frequent disease in postmenopausal women. Despite the fact that fragility fractures cause many problems, osteoporosis is still underdiagnosed and undertreated. This manuscript outlines the topics diagnosis of osteoporosis, fracture risk prevention, and therapy after fracture. Regular physical activities, a sufficient intake of calcium, and a normal vitamin D level are important for bone health. Depending on the personal fracture risk, the patient may also be prescribed bone-specific medication to prevent fragility fractures. In case of a prevalent osteoporotic fracture, the initiation or adaptation of bone-specific therapy is indispensable. Since most osteoporotic fractures occur during a fall, fall risk reduction is an important measure to inhibit a new fracture. Rehabilitation of patients with fragility fractures varies with different localizations of the fracture and should be performed by a multidisciplinary team.

Zusammenfassung

Osteoporose ist eine häufige Erkrankung bei Personen fortgeschrittenen Alters, speziell bei postmenopausalen Frauen. Trotz der Häufigkeit und Probleme, die Fragilitätsfrakturen verursachen, bleibt die Erkrankung oft unerkannt und Betroffene werden nicht therapiert. Dieses Manuskript beschäftigt sich mit der Diagnose der Osteoporose, mit Frakturprävention und Therapien nach einer Fraktur. Regelmäßige körperliche Aktivitäten, eine ausreichende Kalziumzufuhr und normale Vitamin D Spiegel sind für einen gesunden Knochen wichtig. In Abhängigkeit vom Frakturrisiko können dem Patienten auch knochenspezifische Medikamente verschrieben werden. Im Falle einer Fragilitätsfraktur muss unbedingt die entsprechende Therapie begonnen oder eine laufende Therapie optimiert werden. Da es zu den meisten osteoporotischen Frakturen im Rahmen eines Sturzes kommt, ist die Sturzrisikoreduktion ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der primären und sekundären Frakturprävention. Die spezifische Rehabilitation ist von der Lokalisation der Fraktur abhängig und wird am besten von einem multidisziplinären Team durchgeführt.

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  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Güertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Katharina Kerschan-Schindl MD

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Correspondence to Katharina Kerschan-Schindl MD.

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Kerschan-Schindl, K. Prevention and rehabilitation of osteoporosis. Wien Med Wochenschr 166, 22–27 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-015-0417-y

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