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Full annual cycle tracking of a small songbird, the Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope, along the East Asian flyway

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Abstract

We used light-level-based geolocation to study the spatio-temporal behaviour of Siberian Rubythroats Calliope calliope breeding in the Amur region of the Russian Far East. Three retrieved devices revealed long-distance migrations, with southwestward movement from Amur through Northeast China in autumn, with the tracked individuals reaching their wintering grounds in southern China and Indochina without major detours and apparently on a route slightly further west than that of the return migration in spring. A single stopover occurred in two of the three birds in both spring and autumn in China. Migration was faster in spring compared to autumn. The birds spent most of their time in seasonal habitats on their temperate breeding sites, and in less seasonal habitats on their tropical wintering grounds. Departure from and arrival at their breeding site coincided with decreasing and increasing vegetation greenness, respectively. This is the first study presenting year-round tracking data for a songbird migrating from mainland Eurasia to Southeast Asia along the East Asian flyway.

Zusammenfassung

Aufenthaltsorte des Rubinkehlchens Calliope calliope entlang des Ostasiatischen Zugweges im Jahresverlauf Mit Hilfe von Geolokatoren haben wir das Raum-Zeit-Verhalten von am Amur im Fernen Osten Russlands brütenden Rubinkehlchen Calliope calliope untersucht. Wir stellen damit erstmalig Positions-Daten zum Herbst- und Frühjahrszug einer Singvogelart vor, welche vom eurasischen Festland entlang des Ostasiatischen Zugweges nach Südostasien zieht. Der Langstreckenzug von drei Individuen konnte erfolgreich verfolgt werden. Im Herbst zogen die Vögel in südwestlicher Richtung über Nordost-China ab. Die Winterquartiere lagen im südlichen China und in Indochina und wurden ohne Umweg erreicht. Die Daten der ausgelesenen Geolokatoren deuten darauf hin, dass der Heimzug im Frühjahr weiter östlich als der Wegzug stattfindet. Die Zuggeschwindigkeit der beloggerten Individuen war im Frühjahr höher als im Herbst. Je ein Zwischenrastplatz während des Herbst- und Frühjahrszug konnte für zwei der drei Individuen in China lokalisiert werden. Die meiste Zeit verbrachten die verfolgten Rubinkehlchen im temperaten Brutgebiet, und in Gebieten mit schwacher Saisonalität im tropischen Winterquartier. Der Abzug vom und die Ankunft im Brutgebiet fallen in die Zeit der stärksten Ab- beziehungsweise Zunahme der NDVI-Werte (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) - die Vögel passten also die Vegetationsperiode in Fernost Russland ab.

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Correspondence to Wieland Heim.

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Communicated by N. Chernetsov.

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Heim, W., Pedersen, L., Heim, R. et al. Full annual cycle tracking of a small songbird, the Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope, along the East Asian flyway. J Ornithol 159, 893–899 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-018-1562-z

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