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Cardiorenal sodium MRI in small rodents using a quadrature birdcage volume resonator at 9.4 T

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Abstract

Objective

Design, implementation, evaluation and application of a quadrature birdcage radiofrequency (RF) resonator tailored for renal and cardiac sodium (23Na) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rats at 9.4 T.

Materials and methods

A low pass birdcage resonator (16 rungs, din = 62 mm) was developed. The transmission field (B1+) was examined with EMF simulations. The scattering parameter (S-parameter) and the quality factor (Q-factor) were measured. For experimental validation B1+-field maps were acquired with the double-angle method. In vivo sodium imaging of the heart (spatial resolution: (1 × 1 × 5) mm3) and kidney (spatial resolution: (1 × 1 × 10) mm3) was performed with a FLASH technique.

Results

The RF resonator exhibits RF characteristics, transmission field homogeneity and penetration that afford 23Na MR in vivo imaging of the kidney and heart at 9.4 T. For the renal cortex and medulla a SNRs of 8 and 13 were obtained and a SNRs of 14 and 15 were observed for the left and right ventricle.

Discussion

These initial results obtained in vivo in rats using the quadrature birdcage volume RF resonator for 23Na MRI permit dedicated studies on experimental models of cardiac and renal diseases, which would contribute to translational research of the cardiorenal syndrome.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded in part (T. Niendorf, E. Seeliger) by the German Research Foundation (Gefoerdert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Projektnummer394046635, SFB 1365, RENOPROTECTION. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), Project number 394046635, SFB 1365, RENOPROTECTION).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany

    Laura Boehmert, Celal Oezerdem, Sonia Waiczies, Ludger Starke, Min-Chi Ku, Andreas Pohlmann & Thoralf Niendorf

  2. MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin, Germany

    Helmar Waiczies, Andre Kuehne & Thoralf Niendorf

  3. DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany

    Thoralf Niendorf

  4. Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany

    Erdmann Seeliger

  5. Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany

    Thoralf Niendorf

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  1. Laura Boehmert
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  2. Helmar Waiczies
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  7. Min-Chi Ku
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Contributions

Study conception and design: LB, HW, AK, CO, AP, TN, ES. Acquisition of data: LB, AP. M-CK, SW. Analysis and interpretation of data: LB, LS, AK. Drafting of manuscript: LB, TN. Critical revision: LB, HW, AK, CO, SW, LS, M-CK, AP, TN.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thoralf Niendorf.

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Conflict of interest

Thoralf Niendorf is CEO of MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin, Germany. Andre Kuehne and Helmar Waiczies are employees of MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin, Germany.

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Boehmert, L., Waiczies, H., Kuehne, A. et al. Cardiorenal sodium MRI in small rodents using a quadrature birdcage volume resonator at 9.4 T. Magn Reson Mater Phy 33, 121–130 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-019-00810-x

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