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The development of a coupled model (PCPF-SWMS) to simulate water flow and pollutant transport in Japanese paddy fields

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Abstract

A new coupled model (PCPF–SWMS) was developed for simulating fate and behavior of pollutant in paddy water and paddy soil. The model coupled the PCPF-1, a lumped model simulating pesticide concentrations in paddy water and 1 cm-surface sediment compartment, and the SWMS-2D, a finite element numerical model solving Richard's and advection-dispersion equations for solute transport in soil compartment. The coupling involved improvements on interactions of the water flow and the concentration the pollutant of at the soil interface between both compartments. The monitoring data collected from experimental plots in Tsukuba, Japan in 1998 and 1999 were used to parameterise and calibrate hydraulic functioning, hydrodynamic and hydrodispersive parameters of the paddy soil. The analysis on the hydraulic functioning of paddy soil revealed that the hard pan layer was the key factor controlling percolation rate and tracer transport. Matric potential and tracer monitoring highlighted the evolution of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K S) of hard pan layer during the crop season. K S slightly decreased after puddling by clay clogging and strongly increased after mid term drainage by drying cracks. The model was able to calculate residential time in every soil layers. Residential time of tracer in top saturated layers was evaluated to be less than 40 days. It took 60 days to reach the unsaturated layers below hardpan layer.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank different institutions Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences of Japan and Cemagref of France for their benevolence. This research was funded by the Innovative Technology Research Project in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and partially supported by a Domestic Research Fellowship from Japan Science Technology Corporation and JAPAN- FRANCE integrated action program SAKURA by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS, number 1522) and the Ministere des Affaires Etrangères in France (MAE number 06986). The authors thank the reviewers and Dr Manon Janssen for their comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CEMAGREF, Parc de Tourvoie BP44, 92163, Antony, France

    Julien Tournebize

  2. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Hirozumi Watanabe & Taku Nishimura

  3. National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305-8604, Japan

    Kazuhiro Takagi

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  1. Julien Tournebize
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  2. Hirozumi Watanabe
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  3. Kazuhiro Takagi
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  4. Taku Nishimura
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Correspondence to Kazuhiro Takagi.

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Tournebize, J., Watanabe, H., Takagi, K. et al. The development of a coupled model (PCPF-SWMS) to simulate water flow and pollutant transport in Japanese paddy fields. Paddy Water Environ 4, 39–51 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-005-0028-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-005-0028-0

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