Skip to main content
Log in

Marqueurs prédictifs d’efficacité des traitements ciblés des cancers de la jonction oesogastrique et de l’estomac

Predictive markers of targeted treatment efficacy in gastric and gastroesophageal cancers

  • Mise au Point / Update
  • Published:
Oncologie

Abstract

Gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers are associated to a poor prognosis especially when locally advanced and metastatic stages are diagnosed. Available treatments are represented by systemic chemotherapies for which no predictive marker has been validated for clinical use. Anti-HER2 antibody, trastuzumab, has shown efficacy in these tumors, associated with 5-FU and cisplatine. However, for an optimal efficiency, this targeted therapy should only be given when tumor displays a 3+ or 2+ amplified score. These predictive parameters are firstly determined by using immunohistochemistry and by in situ hybridization, only with 2+ score. Moreover immunohistochemistry scoring for gastric and gastro-esophageal junction cancers is different from the one used in breast cancer and takes in account incomplete and heterogeneous staining. Trastuzumab eligibility is based on these techniques and this dedicated scoring. C-met expression and amplification represent emerging predictive factors to C-met targeting in gastric cancer. The goal of this review is to describe the available and promising predictive biomarkers of efficacy of targeted therapies in esogastric junction and gastric cancers.

Résumé

Les cancers de l’estomac et de la jonction oesogastrique sont associés à un mauvais pronostic, notamment lorsqu’il s’agit de stades localement avancés et métastatiques. Les thérapeutiques disponibles correspondent à des chimiothérapies systémiques pour lesquelles il n’existe pas de facteur prédictif validé en pratique clinique. L’anticorps anti-HER2, trastuzumab, a montré son efficacité dans ces tumeurs, en association avec une chimiothérapie à base de 5-FU et de cisplatine. Cependant, cette thérapeutique ciblée n’est efficace que si la tumeur exprime HER2 suivant un score 3+ ou 2+ amplifié. Ces paramètres prédictifs sont déterminés en premier lieu par immunohistochimie et par hybridation in situ en cas de score 2+. Par ailleurs, le score immunohistochimique utilisé dans les cancers de l’estomac et de la jonction oesogastrique diffère de celui employé dans le sein, en prenant en compte des marquages dits incomplets ainsi que l’hétérogénéité de l’expression d’HER2 dans ces localisations. L’éligibilité à un traitement par trastuzumab à l’aide de ces techniques est inscrite dans l’autorisation de mise sur le marché du trastuzumab. L’expression et l’amplification de C-met représentent des marqueurs prédictifs émergents de réponse au ciblage de C-met dans le cancer gastrique. Cette revue a pour but de faire une synthèse sur les marqueurs prédictifs d’efficacité des traitements ciblés des cancers de la jonction oesogastrique et de l’estomac.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Références

  1. Bang YJ, Van Cutsem E, Feyereislova A, et al. (2010) Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, openlabel, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 376: 687–697

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bonenkamp JJ, Hermans J, Sasako M, et al. (1999) Meyer Dutch Gastric Cancer Group. N Engl J Med 340(12): 908–914

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Eder JP, Vande-Woude GF, Boerner SA, LoRusso PM (2009) Novel therapeutic inhibitors of the C-met signaling pathway in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 15: 2207–2214

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Fayçal J, Bessaguet C, Nousbaum JB, et al. (2005) Epidemiology and long-term survival of gastric carcinoma in the French district of Finistere between 1984 and 1995. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 29(1): 23–32

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Guttierez C, Schiff R (2011) HER2 biology, detection and clinical implications. Arch Pathol Lab Med 135: 55–62

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hamilton SR (2008) Targeted therapy of cancer: new role for pathologists in colorectal cancer. Mod Pathol (suppl 2): S23–S30

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hechtman JF, Polydorides AD (2012) HER2/neu gene amplification and protein overexpression in gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a review of histopathology, diagnostic testing, and clinical implications. Arch Pathol Lab Med 136: 691–697

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hofmann M, Stoss O, Shi D, et al. (2008) Assessment of a HER2 scoring system for gastric cancer: results from a validation study. Histopathology 52: 797–805

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. http://www.sfed.org/documents_sfed/files/recommandations/Biopsie_oesogastroduodenale.pdf, www.tncd;estomac)

  10. Kim MA, Lee HJ, Yang HK, et al. (2011) Heterogeneous amplification of ERBB2 in primary lesions is responsible for the discordant ERBB2 status of primary and metastatic lesions in gastric carcinoma. Histopathology 59: 822–831

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lee S, Bastiaan de Boer W, Fermoyle S, et al. (2011) Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in gastric carcinoma: issues related to heterogeneity in biopsies and resections. Histopathology 59: 832–840

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Lennerz JK, Kwak EL, Ackerman A, et al (2011). MET amplification identifies a small and aggressive subgroup of esophagogastric adenocarcinoma with evidence of responsiveness to crizotinib. J Clin Oncol 29: 4803–4810

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lordick F, Jäger D (2008) Current status and future of chemotherapy and biochemotherapy in gastroesophageal cancers. Gastrointest Cancer Res 2: 187–197

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. McIntire M, Redston M (2012) Targeted therapies markers in epithelial malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. Arch Pathol Lab Med 136: 496–503

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Oliner KS, Tang R, Anderson A, et al. (2012) Evaluation of MET pathway biomarkers in a phase II study of rilotumumab (R, AMG 102) or placebo (P) in combination with epirubicin, cispaltin, and capecitabine (ECX) in patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic gastric (G) or oesophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer. J Clin Oncol 30 (suppl); abstr 4006

    Google Scholar 

  16. Penault-Llorca F, Bilous M, Dowsett M, et al. (2009) Emerging technologies for assessing HER2 amplification. Am J Clin Pathol 132: 539–548

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Penault-Llorca F, Chenard MP, Bouché O, et al. (2011) HER2 et cancer gastrique. Recommandations pour la pratique clinique en 2011. Ann Pathol 31: 78–87

    Google Scholar 

  18. Penault-Llorca F, Vincent-Salomon A, Bellocq JP, et al. (2010) Mise à jour des recommandations du GEFPICS pour l’évaluation du statut HER2 dans les cancers du sein en France. Ann Pathol 30: 357–373

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Peruzzi B, Bottaro DP (2006) Targeting the C-met signaling pathway in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 12: 3657–3660

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Rüschoff J, Dietel M, Baretton G, et al. (2010) HER2 diagnostics in gastric cancer-guideline validation and development of standardized immunohistochemical testing. Virchows Arch 457: 299–307

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Schoppmann SF, Jesch B, Friedrich J, et al. (2010) Expression of her-2 in carcinomas of the esophagus. Am J Surg Pathol 34: 1868–1873

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Tafe LJ, Janjigian YY, Zaidinski M, et al. (2011) Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in gastroesophageal cancer correlation between immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Arch Pathol Lab Med 135: 1460–1465

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. www.tcnd.org

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Bibeau.

About this article

Cite this article

Bibeau, F., Khellaf, L. & Metgès, J.P. Marqueurs prédictifs d’efficacité des traitements ciblés des cancers de la jonction oesogastrique et de l’estomac. Oncologie 15, 175–180 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-013-2273-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-013-2273-y

Keywords

Mots clés

Navigation