Regional Environmental Change

, Volume 16, Issue 1, pp 163–176 | Cite as

The role of environmental and fisheries multi-controls in white seabream (Diplodus sargus) artisanal fisheries in Portuguese coast

  • Francisco Leitão
  • Vânia Baptista
  • Maria Alexandra Teodósio
  • Samantha Jane Hughes
  • Vasco Vieira
  • Luís Chícharo
Original Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Evaluating the effects of fishing and environmental factors on fish populations are fundamental tenets of fisheries science. In this study, we assess associations between environmental variables (sea surface temperature; North Atlantic Oscillation index; upwelling; wind magnitude; westerly winds; northerly winds; river discharge) and fishing variables (fishing effort) in Diplodus sagus catch rates accounting for regional analyses (northwest coast; southwest coast and Algarve—Algarve south coast). Different time series models for data fitting (multi-model approach) were used. The models were lagged, according to species fishing recruitment age based on the hypothesis that fisheries catches depend on larvae recruitment and survivorship. D. sargus catch rates across areas were unrelated to fishing effort but correlated to environmental variables, with seasonal events explaining much of the variability in trends. On the northwestern coast, the catch rates were mainly set by sea surface temperature (SST) and wind magnitude; however, southwestern coast catch rates were set by NAO winter. On the south coast, only one statistical model (SST, upwelling and westerly winds) associated spring conditions with D. sargus catch rates. The multi-model approach revealed autumn, winter and spring seasonal effects to be related with northwest, southwest and Algarve coastal catch rates, respectively, indicating a possible coastal longitudinal gradient related with given periods of spawning and larval availability. The metadata analysis yielded different results from the regional analyses. In summary, marine resource management should take regional environment characteristics and variability into account when determining sustainable catch rates in given areas for species with high habitat site fidelity.

Keywords

Fish-environment relationships Portuguese coast Regional analyses Min/max autocorrelation factor analysis Dynamic factor analyses Generalize least squares 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Carlos Moura (DGRM) for providing fisheries data and to ARH-Algarve for providing river discharge data. F. Leitão holds a scholarship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Reference SFRH/BPD/63935/2009). Samantha Jane Hughes holds a postdoctoral research scholarship from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia BPD/Sustainsys/UTAD/756/2014.

Supplementary material

10113_2014_726_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx (20 kb)
Detailed results of all model approaches (MAFA, DFA and GLS), including all explanatory variables related to D. sargus LPUE in the northwest (IXaCN), southwest (IXaCS) and south (IXaS-Algarve), regions and total area (IXa) of Portugal (XLSX 21 kb)

References

  1. Abecasis D, Bentes L, Coelho R, Correia C, Lino PG, Monteiro P, Goncalves JMS, Ribeiro J, Erzini K (2008) Ageing seabreams: a comparative study between scales and otoliths. Fish Res 89:37–48. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2007.08.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Abecasis D, Bentes L, Erzini K (2009) Home range, residency and movements of Diplodus sargus and Diplodus vulgaris in a coastal lagoon: connectivity between nursery and adult habitats. Estuar Coast Shelf S 85:525–529. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2009.09.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Atlas R, Hoffman RN, Ardizzone J, Leidner SM, Jusem JC, Smith DK, Gombos D (2011) A cross-calibrated, multiplatform ocean surface wind velocity product for meteorological and oceanographic applications. Bull Am Meteor Soc 92:157–174. doi: 10.1175/2010BAMS2946.1 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Bailey KM, Houde ED (1989) Predation on eggs and larvae of marine fishes and the recruitment problem. Adv Mar Biol 25:1–83. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2881(08)60187-X CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Baptista V, Leitão F (2014) Commercial catch rates of Spisula solida reflect local environmental conditions on the coast of Portugal. J Marine Syst 130:79–89. doi: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.07.010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Baptista V, Ullah H, Teixeira CM, Range P, Erzini K, Leitão F (2014) Influence of environmental variables and fishing pressure on bivalve fisheries in an inshore lagoon and adjacent nearshore coastal area. Est Coast 37(1):191–205. doi: 10.1007/s12237-013-9658-4 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Bettencourt A, Bricker SB, Ferreira JG, Franco A, Marques JC, Melo JJ, Nobre A, Ramos L, Reis CS, Salas F, Silva MC, Simas T, Wolff W (2004) Typology and reference conditions for Portuguese Transitional and Coastal Waters Development of guidelines for the application of the European Union Water Framework Directive. Instituto da Agua (INAG)—Institute of Marine Science (IMAR), LisbonGoogle Scholar
  8. Bischof B, Mariano AJ, Ryan EH (2003) The Portugal current system. http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/atlantic/portugal.html. Accessed 27 Jan 2014
  9. Borges MF, Santos AMP, Crato N, Mendes H, Mota B (2003) Sardine regime shifts off Portugal: a time series analysis of catches and wind conditions. Sci Mar 67(1):235–244. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2003.67s1235
  10. Borges R, Ben-Hamadou R, Chícharo MA, Ré P, Gonçalves EJ (2007) Horizontal spatial and temporal distribution patterns of nearshore larval fish assemblages at a temperate rocky shore. Estuar Coast Shelf S 71:412–428. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.08.020 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Carroll ML, Johnson BJ, Henkes GA, McMahon KW, Voronkov A, Ambrose WG Jr, Denisenko SG (2009) Bivalves as indicators of environmental variation and potential anthropogenic impacts in the southern Barents Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 59(4–7):193–206. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.02.022 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Cunha ME (2001) Physical control of biological processes in a coastal upwelling system: comparison of the effects of coastal topography, river run-off and physical oceanography in the northern and southern parts of western Portuguese coastal waters. Dissertation, Faculdade de Ciência da Universidade de LisboaGoogle Scholar
  13. Cury P, Roy C (1989) Optimal environmental window and pelagic fish recruitment success in upwelling areas. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 46:670–680. doi: 10.1139/f89-086 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Cushing DH (1972) The production cycle and the numbers of marine fish. Symp Zool Soc Lond 29:213–232Google Scholar
  15. Cushing DH (1996) Towards a science of recruitment in fish populations. Ecology Institute, OldendorfGoogle Scholar
  16. Erzin K (2005) Trends in NE Atlantic landings (southern Portugal): identifying the relative importance of fisheries and environmental variables. Fish Oceanogr 14(3):195–209. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00332.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Erzini K, Gonçalves JMS, Bentes L, Lino PG, Cruz J (1996) Species and size selectivity in a Portuguese multispecies artisanal longline fishery. ICES J Mar Sci 53:811–819. doi: 10.1006/jmsc.1996.0102 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Erzini K, Gonçalves JMS, Bentes L, Lino PG (1997) Fish mouth dimensions and size selectivity in a Portuguese longline fishery. J Appl Ichthyol 13:41–44. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.1997.tb00097.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Erzini K, Gonçalves JMS, Bentes L, Lino PG, Ribeiro J (1998) Species and size selectivity in a ‘red’ sea bream longline métier in the Algarve (southern Portugal). Aquat Living Resour 11(1):1–11. doi: 10.1016/S0990-7440(99)80025-4 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Erzini K, Bentes L, Coelho R, Correia C, Lino P, Monteiro P, Ribeiro J, Gonçalves JMS (2001) Fisheries biology and assessment of demersal species (Sparidae) from the south of Portugal. UE-DG XIV-98/082 final reportGoogle Scholar
  21. Erzini K, Gonçalves J, Bentes L, Lino PG, Ribeiro J, Stergiou KI (2003) Quantifying the roles of competing static gears: comparative selectivity of longlines and monofilament gill nets in a multi-species fishery of the Algarve (southern Portugal). Sci Mar 67(3):341–352. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2003.67n3341
  22. Fernandes AC, Barbosa S, Silva D, Pestana G (2007) Composição dos desembarques e das rejeições por espécie da frota portuguesa de arrasto de fundo. Relat Cient Téc IPIMAR, Série digital, n° 46Google Scholar
  23. Fernández E, Cabal J, Acuña JL, Bode A, Botas A, García-Soto C (1993) Plankton distribution across a slope current-induced front in the southern Bay of Biscay. J Plankton Res 15:619–641. doi: 10.1016/j.csr.2006.08.010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Fischer W, Schneider M, Bauchot ML (1987) Fiches FAO d’identication des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche. Mediterranée et Mer Noire (zone de peche 37), vol I, FAO, RomeGoogle Scholar
  25. Fréon P, Cury P, Shannon L, Roy C (2005) Sustainable exploitation of small pelagic fish stocks challenged by environmental and ecosystem changes: a review. Bull Mar Sci 76:385–462Google Scholar
  26. Frouin R, Fiúza AFG, Ambar I, Boyd TJ (1990) Observations of a pole ward surface current off the coast of Portugal and Spain during winter. J Geophys Res 95:679–691. doi: 10.1029/JC095iC01p00679 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. García-Charton JA, Péres-Ruzafa Á (2001) Spatial pattern and the habitat structure of a Mediterranean rocky reef local assemblage. Mar Biol 138:917–934. doi: 10.1007/s002270000524 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Garcia-Rubies A (1997) Estudi ecològic de les poblacions de peixos sobre substrat rocós a la Mediterrània Occidental: Efecte de la fondària, el substrat, l’estacionalitat i la protecció. Ph.D. Thesis, Universitat de BarcelonaGoogle Scholar
  29. García-Rubíes A, Macpherson E (1995) Substrate use and temporal pattern of recruitment in juvenile fishes of the Mediterranean littoral. Mar Biol 124:35–42. doi: 10.1007/BF00349144 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Gomes MC, Serrão E, Borges MF (2001) Spatial patterns of groundfish assemblages on the continental shelf of Portugal. ICES J Mar Sci 58:633–647. doi: 10.1006/jmsc.2001.1052 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Gonçalves JMS (2000) Biologia Pesqueira e Dinâmica Populacional de Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffr.) e Spondyliosoma cantharus (L.) (Pisces, Sparidae) na Costa Sudoeste de Portugal. Dissertation, Universidade do AlgarveGoogle Scholar
  32. Gonçalves J, Bentes L, Monteiro P, Coelho R, Corado M, Erzini K (2008) Reducing discards in a demersal purse-seine fishery. Aquat Living Resour 21:135–144. doi: 10.1051/alr:2008023 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. Gröger JP, Fogarty MJ (2011) Broad-scale climate influences on cod (Gadus morhua) recruitment on Georges Bank. Mar Sci, ICES J. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsq196 Google Scholar
  34. Guisande C, Cabanas JM, Vergara AR, Riveiro I (2001) Effect of climate on recruitment success of Atlantic Iberian sardine Sardina pilchardus. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 223:243–250CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. Harmelin-Vivien ML, Harmelin JG, Leboulleux V (1995) Microhabitat requirements for settlement of juvenile sparid fishes on Mediterranean rocky shores. Hydrobiologia 301:309–320. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-0293-3_28 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. Helland-Hansen B, Nansen F (1909) The Norwegian Sea: its physical oceanography based on the Norwegian researches 1900–1904. Rep Nor Fish Mar Invest 2:1–360Google Scholar
  37. Henriques M, Gonçalves EJ, Almada VC (2007) Rapid shifts in a marine fish assemblage follow fluctuations in winter sea conditions. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 340:259–270CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  38. Herraiz IG, Torres MA, Farina AC, Freirec J, Cancelo JR (2009) The NAO index and the long-term variability of Nephrops norvegicus population and fishery off West of Ireland. Fish Res 98:1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2009.03.006 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. Hjort J (1914) Fluctuations in the great fisheries of Northern Europe viewed in the light of biological research. Papp PV Peun Cons Perm Int Explor Mer 20:1–228Google Scholar
  40. Houde ED (1987) Fish early life dynamics and recruitment variability. Am Fish Soc Symp 2:17–29Google Scholar
  41. Hurrell JW (1995) Decadal trends in the North Atlantic oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation. Science 269:676–679. doi: 10.1126/science.269.5224.676 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  42. Huthnance JM, Aken HMV, White M, Barton ED (2002) Ocean margin exchange—water flux estimates. J Marine Syst 32:107–137. doi: 10.1016/S0924-7963(02)00034-9 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  43. ICES (2011) Report of the ICES advisory committee, 2011. ICES advice. Book 7Google Scholar
  44. Jager Z (2001) Transport and retention of flounder larvae (Platichthys flesus L.) in the Dollard nursery (Ems estuary). J Sea Res 45:153–171. doi: 10.1016/S1385-1101(01)00043-0 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  45. Johnson JB, Omland KS (2004) Model selection in ecology and evolution. Trends Ecol Evol 19:101–108. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2003.10.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  46. Landaeta MF, Castro LR (2002) Spring spawning and early nursery zone of the esopelagic fish Maurolicus parvipinnis at the coastal upwelling zone off Talcahuano, central Chile. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 226:179–191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  47. Lasker R (1975) Field criteria for survival of anchovy larvae: the relation between inshore chlorophyll maximum layers and successful first feeding. Fish B-NOAA 73:453–678Google Scholar
  48. Lehodey P, Alheit J, Barange M, Baumgartner T, Beaugrand G, Drinkwater K, Frontentin JM, Hare SR, Ottersen G, Perry RI, Roy C, van der Lingen CD, Werner F (2006) Climate variability, fish and fisheries. J. Climate 19:5009–5030. doi: 10.1175/JCLI3898.1 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  49. Leitão F, Santos MN, Monteiro CC (2007) Contribution of artificial reefs to the diet of the white sea-bream (Diplodus sargus). ICES J Mar Sci 64:473–478. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsm027 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  50. Leitão F, Santos MN, Erzini K, Monteiro CC (2008) Fish assemblages and rapid colonization after enlargement of an artificial reef off the Algarve coast (Southern Portugal). Mar Ecol 29(4):435–448. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0485.2008.00253.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  51. Leitão F, Santos MN, Erzini K, Monteiro CC (2009) Diplodus spp. assemblages on artificial reefs: importance for near shore fisheries. Fisheries Manag Ecol 16:88–99. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2008.00646.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  52. Leitão F, Baptista V, Zeller D, Erzini K (2014a) Reconstructed catches and trends for mainland Portugal fisheries between 1938 and 2009: implications for sustainability and balance of trade. Fishs Res 155:33–50. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.012 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  53. Leitão F, Alms V, Erzini K (2014b) A multi-model approach to evaluate the role of environmental variability and fishing pressure in sardine fisheries. J Mar Syst 139:128–138. doi: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.05.013
  54. Lloret J, Lleonart J, Solé I, Fromentin JM (2001) Fluctuations of landing and environmental conditions in the north western Mediterranean Sea. Fish Oceanogr 10(1):33–50. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2419.2001.00151.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  55. Loots C, Vaz S, Planque B, Koubbi P (2011) Understanding what controls the spawning distribution of North Sea whiting (Merlangius merlangus) using a multi-model approach. Fish Oceanogr 20:18–31. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2010.00564.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  56. Macpherson E (1998) Ontogenetic shifts in habitat use and aggregation in juvenile sparid fishes. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 220:127–150. doi: 10.1016/S0022-0981(97)00086-5 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  57. Martinho MA (2006) Physical biological interactions controlling larvae dispersion: application to regions in the neighbourhood of the estuaries of North Portugal. Dissertation, Universidade de AveiroGoogle Scholar
  58. Melo JLBS (1989) Caracterização hidro-oceanográfica da Ria Formosa. An Inst Hid 10:7–23Google Scholar
  59. Moita I (1986) Plataforma continental. Carta dos sedimentos superficiais. Notícia explicativa da folha SED 7 e 8, Instituto Hidrográfico, LisboaGoogle Scholar
  60. Monteiro CC, Lassèrre G, Lam Hoi T (1990) Organisation spatiale des communautés ichtyologiques de la Lagune Ria Formosa (Portugal). Oceanol Acta 13:79–96Google Scholar
  61. Morato T, Afonso P, Lourinho P, Nash RDM, Santos RS (2003) Reproductive biology and recruitment of the white sea bream in the Azores. J Fish Biol 63:59–72. doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00129.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  62. Mouine N, Francour P, Ktari MH, Chakroun-Marzouk N (2007) The reproductive biology of Diplodus sargus sargus in the Gulf of Tunis (central Mediterranean). Sci Mar 71(3):461–469. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2007.71n3461
  63. Mouine N, Francour P, Ktari MH, Chakroun-Marzouk N (2012) Reproductive biology of four Diplodus species Diplodus vulgaris, D. annularis, D. sargus sargus and D. puntazzo (Sparidae) in the Gulf of Tunis (central Mediterranean). J Mar Biol Ass UK 92:623–631. doi: 10.1017/S0025315411000798 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  64. Ottersen G, Sundby S (1995) Effects of temperature, wind and spawning stock biomass on recruitment of Arcto-Norwegian cod. Fish Ocean 4:278–292. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.1995.tb00073.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  65. Ottersen G, Planque B, Belgrano A, Post E, Reid PC, Stenseth NC (2001) Ecological effects of the North Atlantic oscillation. Oecologia 128:1–14. doi: 10.1007/s004420100655 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  66. Pinheiro JC, Bates DM (2000) Mixed-effects models in S and S-PLUS. Springer, BerlinCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  67. Planque B, Frédou T (1999) Temperature and the recruitment of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can J Fish Aquat Sci 56:2069–2077. doi: 10.1139/f99-114 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  68. Ribeiro J, Bentes L, Coelho R, Goncalves JMS, Lino PG, Monteiro P, Erzini K (2006) Seasonal, tidal and diurnal changes in fish assemblages in the Ria Formosa lagoon (Portugal). Estuar Coast Shelf S 67:461–474. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2005.11.036 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  69. Rijnsdorp AD, Berghahn R, Miller JM, van Der Veer HW (1995) Recruitment mechanisms in flatfish: what did we learn and where do we go? Neth J Sea Res 34:237–242. doi: 10.1016/0077-7579(95)90031-4 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  70. Ross ST (1986) Resource partitioning in fish assemblages: a review of field studies. Copeia 2:352–388CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  71. Santos AMP, Borges MF, Groom S (2001) Sardine and horse mackerel recruitment and upwelling off Portugal. ICES J Mar Sci 58:589–596. doi: 10.1006/jmsc.2001.1060 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  72. Santos MN, Monteiro CC, Lassèrre G (2005) Observations and trends on the intra-annual variation of the fish assemblages on two artificial reefs in Algarve coastal waters (southern Portugal). Sci Mar 69:415–426. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2005.69n3415
  73. Santos AMP, Chícharo A, Santos A, Moita T, Oliveira PB, Peliz A, Ré P (2007) Physical–biological interactions in the life history of small pelagic fish in the Western Iberia upwelling ecosystem. Prog Oceanogr 74:192–209. doi: 10.1016/j.pocean.2007.04.008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  74. Santos MB, González-Quirós R, Riveiro I, Cabanas JM, Porteiro C, Pierce GJ (2012) Cycles, trends, and residual variation in the Iberian sardine (Sardina pilchardus) recruitment series and their relationship with the environment. ICES J Mar Sci 69:739–750. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsr186 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  75. Solow AR (1994) Detecting changes in the composition of a multispecies community. Bioletrics 50:556–565CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  76. Solow AR (2002) Fisheries recruitment and the North Atlantic oscillation. Fish Res 54(2):295–297. doi: 10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00308-8 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  77. Sousa Reis C, Lemos RT, Alagador D (2006) Pescas. In: Santos FD, Miranda P (eds) Alterações Climáticas em Portugal: Cenários. Projecto SIAM II, Publicações Gradiva, Lisboa, Impactos e Medidas de Adaptação, pp 345–384Google Scholar
  78. Sousa P, Azevedo M, Gomes MC (2005) Demersal assemblages off Portugal mapping, seasonal, and temporal patterns. Fish Res 75:120–137. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2005.03.012 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  79. Stratoudakis Y, Coombs SH, Lago de Lanzós A, Halliday N, Costas G, Caneco B, Franco C, Conway D, Santos MB, Silva A, Bernal M (2007) Sardine (Sardina pilchardus) spawning seasonality in European waters of the Northeast Atlantic. Mar Biol 152:201–212. doi: 10.1007/s00227-007-0674-4 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  80. Tanaka M (1985) Factors affecting the inshore migration of pelagic larval and demersal juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major to a nursery ground. T Am Fish Soc 114:471–477. doi: 10.1577/1548-8659(1985)114<471:FATIMO>2.0.CO;2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  81. Ullah H, Leitão F, Baptista V, Chicharo L (2012) An analysis of the impacts of climatic variability and hydrology on the coastal fisheries, Engraulis encrasicolus and Sepia officinalis, of Portugal. Ecohydrol Hydrol 12(4):337–352. doi: 10.2478/v10104-012-0026-y CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  82. Veiga P, Vieira L, Bexiga C, Sá R, Erzini K (2006) Structure and temporal variations of fish assemblages of the Castro Marim salt marsh, southern Portugal. Estuar Coast Shelf S 70:27–38. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.05.037 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  83. Veiga P, Ribeiro J, Gonçalves JMS, Erzini K (2010) Quantifying recreational shore angling catch and harvest in southern Portugal (north-east Atlantic Ocean): implications for conservation and integrated fisheries management. J Fish Biol l76:2216–2237. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02665.x
  84. Vigliola L, Harmelin-Vivien M (2001) Post-settlement ontogeny in three Mediterranean reef fish of the genus Diplodus. B Mar Sci 68(2):271–286Google Scholar
  85. Vila-Concejo A, Ferreiro Ò, Matias A, Dias JMA (2003) The first two years of an inlet: sedimentary dynamics. Cont Shelf Res 23:1425–1445. doi: 10.1016/S0278-4343(03)00142-0 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  86. Vinagre C, Costa MJ, Cabral HN (2007) Impact of climate and hydrodynamics in sole larval immigration into the Tagus estuary. Estuar Coast Shelf S 75:516–524. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2007.05.035 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  87. Vinagre C, Santos FD, Cabral HN, Costa MJ (2009) Impact of climate and hydrology on juvenile fish recruitment towards estuarine nursery grounds in the context of climate change. Estuar Coast Shelf S 85:479–486. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2009.09.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  88. Vinagre C, Cabral HN, Costa MJ (2010) Relative importance of estuarine nurseries for species of the genus Diplodus (Sparidae) along the Portuguese coast. Estuar Coast Shelf S 86:197–202. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2009.11.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  89. Witbaard R, Duineveld GCA, Amaro T, Bergman MJN (2005) Growth trends in three bivalve species indicate climate forcing on the benthic ecosystem in the southeastern North Sea. Climate Res 30:29–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  90. Zuur AF, Pierce GJ (2004) Common trends in northeast Atlantic squid time series. J Sea Res 52:57–72. doi: 10.1016/j.seares.2003.08.008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  91. Zuur AF, Frywe RJ, Jolliffe IT, Dekker R, Beukema JJ (2003a) Estimating common trends in multivariate time series using dynamic factor analysis. Environmetrics 15:665–668CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  92. Zuur AF, Tuck ID, Bailey N (2003b) Dynamic factor analysis to estimate common trends in fisheries time series. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 60:542–552. doi: 10.1139/f03-030 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  93. Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Smith GM (2007) Analysing ecological data. Springer, United States of AmericaCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  94. Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Elphick CS (2010) A protocol for data exploration to avoid common statistical problems. Method Ecol Evol 1:3–14. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2009.00001.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Francisco Leitão
    • 1
  • Vânia Baptista
    • 1
  • Maria Alexandra Teodósio
    • 1
  • Samantha Jane Hughes
    • 2
  • Vasco Vieira
    • 3
  • Luís Chícharo
    • 4
  1. 1.Centro de Ciências do MarUniversidade do Algarve, Campus de GambelasFaroPortugal
  2. 2.Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta dos PradosVila RealPortugal
  3. 3.MARETEC, Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade Técnica de LisboaLisbonPortugal
  4. 4.Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA)University of Algarve, Campus de GambelasFaroPortugal

Personalised recommendations