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Targeting CCR5 for anti-HIV research

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Abstract

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the only approach for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection treatment at present. Although HAART is effective in controlling the progression of infection, it is impossible to eradicate the virus from patients. The patients have to live with the virus. Alternative ways for the cure of HIV infection have been investigated. As the major co-receptor for HIV-1 infection, C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is naturally an ideal target for anti-HIV research. The first CCR5 antagonist, maraviroc, has been approved for the treatment of HIV infection. Several other CCR5 antagonists are in clinical trials. CCR5 delta32 is a natural genotype, conferring resistance to CCR5 using HIV-1 strains. Gene therapy research targeting this mutant has been conducted for HIV infection treatment. A Berlin patient has been cured of HIV infection by the transplantation of stem cells from a CCR5 delta32 genotype donor. The infusion of an engineered zinc finger nuclease (ZFN)-modified autologous cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T cells has been proved to be a promising direction recently. In this study, the anti-HIV research targeting CCR5 is summarized, including CCR5 antagonist development, stem cell transplantation, and gene therapy.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81360503), the United Foundation of Guizhou (Qiankehe J LKZ[2013]21), the Incubation Project for 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Tuberculosis Prevention and Cure in Guizhou Province, and the seed grant from Zunyi Medical University for newly recruited talents to Dr. Wan-Gang Gu.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China

    W.-G. Gu & X.-Q. Chen

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  1. W.-G. Gu
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  2. X.-Q. Chen
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Correspondence to W.-G. Gu.

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Gu, WG., Chen, XQ. Targeting CCR5 for anti-HIV research. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 33, 1881–1887 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-014-2173-0

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