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Fabrication of Ti/black TiO2-PbO2 micro/nanostructures with tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics and their photoelectrocatalytic performance

  • Jiahui Lyu
  • Guoji Sun
  • Liyan Zhu
  • Hongchao MaEmail author
  • Chun Ma
  • Xiaoli Dong
  • Yinghuan FuEmail author
Original Paper
First Online:

Abstract

Herein, a novel Ti/black TiO2-PbO2 micro/nanostructured photoanode with tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics was fabricated via the facile hydrothermal strategy. The tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic feature of black TiO2/PbO2 architecture is realized by changing loadings of flower-like PbO2 microspheres. Interestingly, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that H2O molecules prefer to adsorb on the surface of black TiO2 nanosheets, and easier to form hydroxyl radicals on the surface of PbO2. Thus, a cooperation action between black TiO2 and PbO2 regarding the generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) by water photoelectrolysis occurs as follows: the black TiO2 nanosheet layer can be acted as the supply station of water and rapidly transfer the water molecules to neighboring PbO2 (acted as generation center of hydroxyl radical) to generate hydroxyl radical. Obviously, the division of labor and cooperation between black TiO2 and PbO2 is helpful to improve the generation efficiency of hydroxyl radical. Furthermore, the constructed black TiO2-PbO2 architectures have large electroactive areas, low charge transfer resistance, and high separation efficiency of induced carriers. The black TiO2-PbO2 micro/nanostructure obtained under optimum conditions (Ti/black TiO2-PbO2-180 min) has the highest PEC removal rate of dye (86.24%); an enhancement of approximate 30% is achieved as compared with that of pure black TiO2 (65.20%). These new findings not only make Ti/black TiO2-PbO2 a more attractive photoanode but, most significantly, also provide promising strategy for designing photoanode.

Graphical abstract

A novel Ti/black TiO2-PbO2 micro/nanostructured photoanode with tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics was fabricated via the facile hydrothermal strategy. The tunable hydrophobic/hydrophilic feature of black TiO2/PbO2 architecture is realized by changing loadings of flower-like PbO2 microspheres. Interestingly, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that H2O molecules prefer to adsorb on the surface of black TiO2 nanosheets, and easier to form hydroxyl radicals on the surface of PbO2. Thus, a cooperation action between black TiO2 and PbO2 regarding the generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) by water photoelectrolysis occurs as follows: the black TiO2 nanosheet layer can be acted as the supply station of water and rapidly transfer the water molecules to neighboring PbO2 (acted as generation center of hydroxyl radical) to generate hydroxyl radical. Obviously, the division of labor and cooperation between black TiO2 and PbO2 is helpful to improve the generation efficiency of hydroxyl radical. Furthermore, the constructed black TiO2-PbO2 architectures have large electroactive areas, low charge transfer resistance, and high separation efficiency of induced carriers. Thus, the black TiO2-PbO2 micro/nanostructured photoanode exhibited higher photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity, better reproducibility, and obvious photoelectric synergism for the decolorization of dye (reactive brilliant blue KN-R aqueous solution), as compared with black TiO2.

Keywords

Photoelectro-oxidation Hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics DFT calculation Black TiO2 PbO2 
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Notes

Funding information

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875026, 21878031), the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (LR2014013), the Science and Technology Foundation of Liaoning Province (201602052), the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20170520427), and supported by Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1802124). The Project is also sponsored by Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program, the scientific research fund of the educational department of Liaoning province (J2019013).

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.School of Light Industry & Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalianPeople’s Republic of China
  2. 2.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

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