Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry

, Volume 19, Issue 2, pp 569–576 | Cite as

Effect of particle size on rate capability and cyclic stability of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode for high-voltage lithium ion battery

Original Paper
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Abstract

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 samples with their particle sizes from micro to nano are synthesized via polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted coprecipitation of nickel and manganese hydroxide. Their morphology, structure, and performance as cathode of high-voltage lithium ion battery are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge/discharge test. The characterizations from SEM and XRD show that the particle size of the resulting LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is tunable from micro to nano by controlling the concentrations of PVP for the formation of nickel and manganese hydroxide precursor. The results from CV, EIS, and charge/discharge test reveal that reducing the particle size of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 results in its less interfacial resistance for lithium insertion/desertion process, leading to its improved rate capability. Meanwhile, the cyclic stability of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is also improved when its particle size is changed from micro to nano, but too smaller particle size is not beneficial to its cyclic stability, especially at elevated temperature. When evaluated in LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li half cell, the resulting LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 samples of 800, 250, and 125 nm, in average, deliver a 20 C rate capacity of 40, 58, and 71 mAh g−1, while they exhibit a capacity retention of 79, 89, and 82 % after 250 cycles with 0.5 C rate at room temperature and 33, 77, and 64 % after 200 cycles with 1 C rate at 55 °C, respectively. This difference in capacity retention becomes more significant in LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite full cells due to the effect of graphite anode.

Keywords

Lithium nickel manganese oxide Particle size Rate capability Cyclic stability High-voltage lithium ion battery 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This work is financially supported from the joint project of National Natural Science Foundation of China and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. U1134002), the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 21273084), the Natural Science Fund of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 10351063101000001), the key project of Science and Technology in Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2012A010702003), Joint Project of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education for the Cooperation among Industries, Universities and Institutes (Grant No. 2012B091100332), and the scientific research project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2013CXZDA013).

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.School of Chemistry and Environment, Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Technology on Energy Storage and Power Generation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Engineering Research Center of Materials and Technology for Electrochemical Energy Storage (Ministry of Education)South China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
  2. 2.Guangdong Zhongke Xintai New Energy Co. Ltd.JieyangChina

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