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Influence of self-reported physical activity and sleep quality on conditioned pain modulation in the orofacial region

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the influence of self-reported physical activity and sleep quality on conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in the orofacial region.

Materials and methods

Ninety healthy participants aged 18–50 years old were evenly distributed according to the level of physical activity into low, moderate, and high level. The classification of physical activity was based on modified criteria of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), considering intensity, duration, and frequency of physical activity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) assessed sleep quality and the individuals were then classified as good or poor sleepers. CPM was assessed using the pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the anterior temporalis as test stimulus and hand immersion in hot water as conditioning stimulus. ANOVA was applied to the data and Tukey’s posttest was applied when the main effects or interactions were significant (p < 0.050).

Results

There was no significant main effect of neither physical activity nor sleep quality on pain modulation. However, individuals who reported high level of physical activity and good quality of sleep had a greater pain modulation (− 0.60 ± 0.34) when compared with those who reported moderate (− 0.10 ± 0.25) and low level of physical activity (− 0.10 ± 0.52) and good sleep quality (p < 0.028).

Conclusions

Pain modulation seems to be more efficient in individuals who report a good sleep quality and a high level of physical activity.

Clinical relevance

Conditioned pain modulation is highly variable in healthy people. Therefore, a multifactorial approach should be taken into consideration in the evaluation of the efficacy of endogenous analgesia.

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Funding

This research was carried out under a scholarship from the CAPES (Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Prosthodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil

    Leticia Soares Fiedler, Laila Aguiar Machado & Paulo César Rodrigues Conti

  2. Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil

    Yuri Martins Costa

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brizolla 9-75 CEP Vila Universitária, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil

    Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim

Authors
  1. Leticia Soares Fiedler
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  2. Laila Aguiar Machado
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  3. Yuri Martins Costa
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  4. Paulo César Rodrigues Conti
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  5. Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil (CAAE: 60579716.1.0000.5417).

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All participants signed informed consent. All procedures performed in the study were following the Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.

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Fiedler, L.S., Machado, L.A., Costa, Y.M. et al. Influence of self-reported physical activity and sleep quality on conditioned pain modulation in the orofacial region. Clin Oral Invest 25, 1195–1202 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03424-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03424-z

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