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Clinical Oral Investigations

, Volume 22, Issue 2, pp 791–800 | Cite as

The effects of a desiccant agent in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial

  • Gaetano Isola
  • Giovanni MatareseEmail author
  • Ray C. Williams
  • Vincenzo Iorio Siciliano
  • Angela Alibrandi
  • Giancarlo Cordasco
  • Luca Ramaglia
Original Article
First Online:

Abstract

Objective

Chemotherapeutic agents have been widely used as adjuncts for the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP). This study investigated and compared a desiccant agent as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) versus SRP alone for the treatment of CP.

Materials and methods

Thirty-six patients with CP were studied. Using a split-mouth design, the maxillary right and left quadrants were randomly assigned to SRP plus desiccant (Hybenx® EPIEN Medical, Inc. St. Paul, MN, USA) or SRP alone. Patients were examined on a regular basis for clinical, microbiological, and inflammatory mediator changes over a 1-year period. Clinical attachment level (CAL) was the primary outcome variable. In addition, the red complex bacteria and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) inflammatory mediators were monitored.

Results

Compared to baseline, both treatments demonstrated an improvement in periodontal parameters. Compared to SRP alone, SRP plus desiccant yielded a significant improvement in probing depth (PD) (SRP: 2.23 ± 0.31 mm vs. desiccant: 3.25 ± 0.57 mm, p < 0.05), CAL (SRP: 3.16 ± 0.29 mm vs. desiccant: 4.21 ± 0.34 mm, p < 0.05 mm) and bleeding on probing (BOP) (SRP: 4.56 ± 1.5% vs. desiccant: 34.23 ± 4.2%, p < 0.001) at 12 months. Similarly, in the SRP plus desiccant group, the bacteria of the red complex were significantly reduced (p < 0.05); and the level of inflammatory mediators was significantly reduced (p < 0.003) compared to SRP alone.

Conclusions

SRP plus the desiccant resulted in a greater reduction in clinical, microbial and inflammatory mediators compared to SRP alone.

Clinical relevance

Desiccant, when combined to SRP, was demonstrated as a significant approach to control the levels of certain periodontal pathogens, inflammatory mediators in patients with CP.

Keywords

Chronic periodontitis Desiccants Local delivery Scaling and root planing Randomized controlled trials Microbiology 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Giampaolo Menegazzi for his technical assistance, Dr. Simona Violi for her clinical assistance, and Dr. Rita Aveni of the University of Messina for her help in searching for literature.

This work has been performed with funding by the Department of Biomedical, Odontostomatological Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, and confirm that all patients of this study were enrolled at the University of Messina, Italy.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The work was supported by the Department of Odontostomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Messina, Italy.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The local ethical committee of the University of Messina approved the study protocol (#919-10).

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Supplementary material

784_2017_2154_MOESM1_ESM.doc (220 kb)
ESM 1 (DOC 220 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Gaetano Isola
    • 1
    • 2
  • Giovanni Matarese
    • 1
    Email author
  • Ray C. Williams
    • 3
  • Vincenzo Iorio Siciliano
    • 4
  • Angela Alibrandi
    • 5
  • Giancarlo Cordasco
    • 1
  • Luca Ramaglia
    • 2
  1. 1.Department of Biomedical, Odontostomatological Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images, Unit of Periodontology, School of DentistryUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly
  2. 2.Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of MedicineUniversity of Naples “Federico II”NaplesItaly
  3. 3.Department of PeriodontologyUNC School of DentistryChapel HillUSA
  4. 4.Department of PeriodontologyUniversity of CatanzaroCatanzaroItaly
  5. 5.Department of Economics, Unit of Statistics and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly

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