Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly

, Volume 148, Issue 2, pp 387–396 | Cite as

Rapid oxidation of dibenzothiophene in model fuel under ultrasound irradiation

  • Behrang Khodaei
  • Mohammad Amin Sobati
  • Shahrokh Shahhosseini
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

An experimental investigation was conducted on the ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) of a model sulfur compound (i.e., dibenzothiophene) in toluene as a model light fuel oil. Hydrogen peroxide–formic acid was used as the oxidation system. The main aim of the present work was to reduce the required reaction time of this oxidation system using ultrasound irradiation. Response surface methodology, Box–Behnken design, has been applied to find the optimum conditions of the UAOD process and also to study the influences of various operating parameters. A reasonable mathematical model was obtained for the prediction of sulfur conversion. More than 97 % sulfur conversion was achieved under the optimum conditions (i.e., oxidant to sulfur molar ratio of 26.7, acid to sulfur molar ratio of 74.6, ultrasound power per fuel oil volume of 7 W/cm3, and temperature of 50 °C). It should be noted that 95 % sulfur conversion was achieved in only 80 s sonication under the optimum reaction conditions through generation of very fine emulsion between the aqueous and organic phases. This low reaction time improves the performance of the present oxidation system in industrial applications.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

Oxidations Homogeneous catalysis Carboxylic acids Ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the supports provided by National Iranian Oil Engineering and Construction Company (NIOEC).

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Wien 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Behrang Khodaei
    • 1
  • Mohammad Amin Sobati
    • 1
  • Shahrokh Shahhosseini
    • 1
  1. 1.School of Chemical EngineeringIran University of Science and Technology (IUST)TehranIran

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