Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly

, Volume 141, Issue 7, pp 729–735 | Cite as

Copper-modified sulfated stannia: surface properties and catalytic activity towards phenol hydroxylation

  • Hussein A. Khalaf
  • Saber E. Mansour
  • Enas A. El-Madani
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Stannia, sulfated stannia, and Cu-modified sulfated stannia samples were prepared by an impregnation method using different loading levels of Cu (5, 10, and 20% by weight). These samples were characterized by means of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA and DTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen sorption at 77 K. Potentiometric titration was used to characterize the surface acidity of these samples and their catalytic activity was investigated by phenol hydroxylation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide at 333 K. The obtained data revealed sulfated species with different thermal stabilities in the samples containing Cu, and the rutile structure of stannia remained unchanged by the addition of sulfate and Cu. A surface texture study showed that Cu modification and the addition of sulfate resulted in modified surface area and porosity. The addition of copper to sulfated stannia increases the acid strength. Thus, Cu-modified sulfated stannia samples have higher catalytic activity towards phenol hydroxylation and selectivity towards hydroquinone production.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Stannia Sulfation Texture Acidity Phenol hydroxylation 
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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2010

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hussein A. Khalaf
    • 1
  • Saber E. Mansour
    • 1
  • Enas A. El-Madani
    • 1
  1. 1.Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceOmer El-Mukhtar UniversityEl-BeidaLibya

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