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A composite film prepared from titanium carbide Ti3C2Tx (MXene) and gold nanoparticles for voltammetric determination of uric acid and folic acid

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Abstract

In this study, a solution-processing based galvanic deposition approach is described for in-situ deposition of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) on delaminated titanium Ti3C2Tx nanosheets under ultrasonication. The nanocomposite (AuNP@Ti3C2Tx) was placed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and then applied to electrochemically with label-free, and simultaneously sense uric acid (UA), and folic acid (FA) at physiological pH. The modified GCE has attractive figures of merit: (i) The working potentials for UA and AA are well separated (+0.35 V and 0.70 V vs. Ag|AgCl); (ii) wide linear responses (from 0.03–1520 μM for UA and from 0.02–3580 μM for FA; (iii) good electrochemical sensitivities for both UA and FA (0.53 and 0.494 μAμM−1.cm−2, respectively), and (iv) detection limits of 11.5 nM (UA) and 6.20 nM (FA). The electrode exhibited good repeatability (RSD = 4.4%), acceptable reproducibility (RSD = 4.1%), and excellent stability (91.8% over one-month storage). The method was applied to analyze spiked serum samples, and modified GCE is shown appreciable recoveries (97.1–98.8% and 96.8–98.0% for UA, and FA, respectively).

A photograph (top left) of colloidal suspension of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). They were grown on the delaminated titanium carbide Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheet via galvanic displacement deposition method, and their corresponding a low-resolution transmission electron microscopy micrograph (top right) of AuNP@Ti3C2Tx. The graphical representation of AuNP@Ti3C2Tx drop-casted on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (bottom left), and their voltammetric measurement were applied in the presence of both uric acid and folic acid with increasing the concentration of both analytes (bottom right).

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Professor Dr. Yury Gogotsi for the pristine MAX phase of Ti3AlC2 and MXene-Ti3C2Tx samples (MXene samples were prepared by Dr. Olha Mashtalir at Drexel University) from the Drexel University, PA, USA (https://nano.materials.drexel.edu/). Also, the authors are grateful to Dr. Chia-Ying Su and Mr. Bo-Yong Wu for their help in this research project. And we thank to Dr. M. P. Karthikayini for the valuable comments on this manuscript. Dr. Satheeshkumar Elumalai acknowledges support from National Cheng Kung University (grant No. HUA 103-3-3-158 under “Aim for Top University Project (ATUP)” as ATUP Postdoctoral Fellowship) Taiwan.

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Author notes

  1. Satheeshkumar Elumalai and Veerappan Mani contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Promotion Center for Global Materials Research (PCGMR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan

    Satheeshkumar Elumalai & Masahiro Yoshimura

  2. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 555 Moo 1 Payupnai, Wangchan, Rayong, 21210, Thailand

    Satheeshkumar Elumalai

  3. Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Veerappan Mani & Nithiya Jeromiyas

  4. Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan

    Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy

  5. Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan

    Masahiro Yoshimura

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  1. Satheeshkumar Elumalai
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  2. Veerappan Mani
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Elumalai, S., Mani, V., Jeromiyas, N. et al. A composite film prepared from titanium carbide Ti3C2Tx (MXene) and gold nanoparticles for voltammetric determination of uric acid and folic acid. Microchim Acta 187, 33 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-4018-0

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