Comparative Clinical Pathology

, Volume 26, Issue 3, pp 561–568 | Cite as

Cytotoxic activity of fumonisin B1 in Vero cells: comparison between 2D and 3D structural microplates

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Abstract

The present study aimed to estimate cytotoxic activity of fumonisin B1 (FB1) in Vero cells using crystal violet staining assay (CVA) and lactate dehydrogenase assay (LDH) performed in flattened (2D) and three dimensional (3D) bottom (V, U, and M) microplates. Vero cells were exposed to different concentrations of FB1 ranging from 0 to 10 μg/ml for 24 and 48 h. Tween 20 was used as a positive control and acetonitrile 50% in water was used as a negative control. Results revealed that CVA could be performed in the F type microplate for 24 and 48 h but it was useless in the 3D microplates. LDH assay showed that FB1 induced significant cytotoxicity on Vero cells after 24 h exposure in all microplates. Using 3D bottom microplates allowed formation of spheroid cell aggregates and reduced cell adhesion. LDH release in the U type microplate showed a significant dose-dependent increase, while V type and M type microplates showed a significant dose-independent increase in all exposed cells. Forty-eight hours exposure to FB1 in 2D microplate induced time-related cytotoxicity in all exposed cells pronounced as increased percentage of dead cells and significant increase in LDH release at 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/ml. It was concluded that 2D culture plate is suitable for both LDH and CVA while 3D microplates are suitable only for the LDH assay. LDH assay could detect the cytotoxic effect of FB1 at lower concentrations than crystal violet staining assay.

Keywords

Crystal violet Cytotoxicity Fumonisin B1 LDH Vero cells 
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Notes

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag London 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt
  2. 2.Department of Public Health, Faculty of AgricultureIwate UniversityMoriokaJapan

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