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Arterial hypoxemia and intrapulmonary vasodilatation in rat models of portal hypertension

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Abstract

Background

Rats with chronic bile duct ligation (CBDL) and portal vein ligation (PVL) are used as models of portal hypertension. CBDL rats show hypoxemia with intrapulmonary vasodilatation (IPVD), and are recognized as a model of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), while PVL rats are normoxemic. We investigated the differences in arterial oxygenation between these models, and the key factors leading to HPS.

Methods

Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared as CBDL or PVL models, or as Sham rats. Arterial oxygenation, hemodynamics (reference sample method), and IPVD were simultaneously evaluated in conscious and unrestrained animals, using 141Ce- or 113Sn-labeled microspheres (15 µm in diameter), respectively. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitrate/nitrite (end products of nitric oxide; NOx) production by the lung tissue (increment across the lungs) was also determined.

Results

The extent of IPVD was similar in both models, but hypoxemia was only observed in CBDL rats. The ET-1 level and the increment in NOx were significantly increased in CBDL rats, and the increment was directly correlated with impairment of oxygenation. Blood flow through the bronchial arteries (anatomical shunting) was increased in CBDL rats, reaching more than three times the level in PVL rats or Sham rats.

Conclusions

These results support the hypothesis that NO derived from the lung tissues contributes to hypoxemia, and IPVD appears to be a prerequisite for impaired oxygenation. The considerable increase of anatomical shunting may potentially contribute to impaired oxygenation in CBDL rats.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. First Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan

    Yasumi Katsuta, Xue-Jun Zhang, Masaru Ohsuga, Hirokazu Komeichi, Shuji Shimizu, Yoshihito Kato, Akiko Miyamoto, Katsuaki Satomura & Teruo Takano

  2. Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan

    Toshio Akimoto

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  1. Yasumi Katsuta
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  2. Xue-Jun Zhang
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Katsuta, Y., Zhang, XJ., Ohsuga, M. et al. Arterial hypoxemia and intrapulmonary vasodilatation in rat models of portal hypertension. J Gastroenterol 40, 811–819 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-005-1633-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-005-1633-9

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