Minimizing intraoperative bleeding using a vessel-sealing system and splenic hilum hanging maneuver in laparoscopic splenectomy

  • Takeyuki Misawa
  • Kazuhiko Yoshida
  • Tomonori Iida
  • Taro Sakamoto
  • Takeshi Gocho
  • Shoichi Hirohara
  • Shigeki Wakiyama
  • Yuichi Ishida
  • Katsuhiko Yanaga
Surgeon at work
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Background/purpose

The most common cause of conversion to laparotomy (open splenectomy) during laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is bleeding from the splenic hilar vessels. Recently, the efficacy of Ligasure (a vessel-sealing system) as a safety device for sealing vessels and reducing intraoperative blood loss has been reported with various laparoscopic procedures. The objective of this report was to describe our techniques for minimizing bleeding during LS, characterized by the application of Ligasure (which reduces the number of clips and staples, and reduces unnecessary bleeding) and a splenic hilum hanging maneuver with a Diamond-Flex flexible retractor to obtain optimal exposure of the splenic hilum.

Methods

We have performed 87 LSs since February 1993, and have employed the Ligasure instead of metal clips and staplers since September 2003. We have also introduced the splenic hilum hanging maneuver paired with Ligasure use. We have performed this new LS in 30 consecutive adult patients presenting with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (n = 14), benign splenic tumor (n = 5), lymphoma (n = 4), hereditary spherocytosis (n = 2), liver cirrhosis (n = 2), and other pathologies (n = 3). The splenic ligaments and vessels, including the splenic artery and vein, were divided using a 5-mm Ligasure instead of a clip or stapler. The splenic hilum was encircled and elevated, using a Diamond-Flex, to ensure better exposure in all patients.

Results

LS was successfully completed in 29 patients (97%), with only one conversion to open splenectomy. Mean blood loss for all patients with completed LS was only 21.6 ml (range 0–250 ml). Moreover, blood loss was not determinable (considered as 0 ml in this study) in 15 patients (52%). Mean spleen weight and operating time were 319.4 g (range 80–1605 g) and 143.4 min (range 90–180 min), respectively. No postoperative mortalities were encountered. Two patients experienced complications, including grade B pancreatic fistula and atelectasis, for an overall morbidity rate of 6.7%. Mean postoperative stay was 6.5 days (range 3–14 days).

Conclusions

LS using a Ligasure in combination with the splenic hilum hanging maneuver may reduce intraoperative blood loss.

Keywords

Laparoscopic surgery Laparoscopic splenectomy Vessel-sealing system Intraoperative bleeding 
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Notes

Conflict of interest statement

None.

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Copyright information

© Springer 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • Takeyuki Misawa
    • 1
  • Kazuhiko Yoshida
    • 1
  • Tomonori Iida
    • 1
  • Taro Sakamoto
    • 1
  • Takeshi Gocho
    • 1
  • Shoichi Hirohara
    • 1
  • Shigeki Wakiyama
    • 1
  • Yuichi Ishida
    • 1
  • Katsuhiko Yanaga
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of SurgeryJikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan

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