Aggressive surgery for stage IV gallbladder carcinoma; what are the contraindications?

  • Hideki Nishio
  • Masato Nagino
  • Tomoki Ebata
  • Yukihiro Yokoyama
  • Tsuyoshi Igami
  • Yuji Nimura
Topics: Treatment of patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma with special reference to stage IV
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Abstract

Background/Purpose

Advanced gallbladder carcinoma with paraaortic lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis is normally considered a contraindication for surgery. Our latest analyses suggest otherwise.

Methods

Records of 166 patients who underwent surgery for stage IV gallbladder carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively. Predictors of hospital mortality and long-term survival were analyzed. Long-term survival in patients with paraaortic lymph node metastasis and/or distant metastasis was also determined.

Results

Fifteen patients were 5-year survivors, with a 5-year survival rate of 12% among the 166 patients investigated. Overall hospital mortality was 14%. Male sex and portal vein resection were independent predictors of hospital mortality. Multivariate analysis of long-term survival failed to identify independent predictors. Patients with distant metastasis were divided into two groups based on whether or not the metastases were distant from the liver. Patients with paraaortic lymph node metastasis who underwent curative resection or who had isolated liver metastasis survived longer than those with other distant metastasis or those with unresectable advanced cancer.

Conclusions

Patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma can benefit from surgical resection even when paraaortic lymph node metastasis and/or liver metastasis are present. However, surgical indications in advanced disease should be determined on an individual basis, based on clinical status.

Key words

Stage IV gallbladder carcinoma Aggressive surgery Contraindication Paraaortic lymph node metastasis Liver metastasis 
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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Tokyo 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hideki Nishio
    • 1
  • Masato Nagino
    • 1
  • Tomoki Ebata
    • 1
  • Yukihiro Yokoyama
    • 1
  • Tsuyoshi Igami
    • 1
  • Yuji Nimura
    • 1
  1. 1.Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of SurgeryNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan

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