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Genetic diversity and population structure of Melia azedarach in North-Western Plains of India

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Genetic structure among M. azedarach populations was detected and two subpopulations were present among them. A significant ‘isolation by distance’ was found in M. azedarach population in North-Western Plains of India.

Abstract

Melia azedarach is an important forest tree with pharmaceutical, insecticidal, pesticidal, and commercial significance. It is a good reforestation tree because of its fast growth and drought hardy nature. Genetic variation in a species allows itself to adapt, evolve and respond to environmental stress. It provides the basis for survival of a species and critically influences its evolutionary potential. Assessment of genetic diversity is necessary for improvement and conservation of a species. For this, microsatellite markers are of particular interest given the attributes like co-dominance, reproducibility, hyper variability and abundance throughout the genome. In the present study, we analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure of M. azedarach, an ecologically imperative species growing in the North-Western Plains of India. We developed 43 microsatellite markers, of which 20 were subsequently employed for analysis of diversity and population structure among 33 populations encompassing 318 genotypes representing North-Western Plains of India. A moderate level of diversity (Na = 5.1, Ho = 0.506, He = 0.712, I = 1.386) was assessed. The highest value of ΔK estimated using STRUCTURE indicated 2 subpopulations (K = 2). AMOVA exhibited 73 % variation within populations and 12 % variation was found among regions. Significant positive correlation between geographical and genetic distance was found (Rxy = 0.365, P = 0.010). The present study lays a foundation on a better understanding of genetic dynamics of the species and reveals its diversity and population structure in North-Western Plains of India.

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Acknowledgments

Authors thank Vice Chancellor, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda for providing the necessary facilities to carry out the present work. ST and SC acknowledge the fellowship received from ICMR towards PhD.

Data archiving statement

The sequence data generated for this study are available under accession numbers from KJ996073 to KJ996095 at NCBI (http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Accession numbers are included in Table 2.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Biosciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India

    Sapna Thakur, Shruti Choudhary, Amandeep Singh, Kamal Ahmad, Gagan Sharma, Aasim Majeed & Pankaj Bhardwaj

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  1. Sapna Thakur
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  2. Shruti Choudhary
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  3. Amandeep Singh
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  4. Kamal Ahmad
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  5. Gagan Sharma
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  7. Pankaj Bhardwaj
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Correspondence to Pankaj Bhardwaj.

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Communicated by J. Carlson.

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Thakur, S., Choudhary, S., Singh, A. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of Melia azedarach in North-Western Plains of India. Trees 30, 1483–1494 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1381-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1381-x

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