Pediatric Nephrology

, Volume 24, Issue 10, pp 1959–1965 | Cite as

Fetal development and renal function in adult rats prenatally subjected to sodium overload

  • Henriqueta D. Cardoso
  • Edjair V. Cabral
  • Leucio D. Vieira-Filho
  • Adalberto Vieyra
  • Ana D. O. Paixão
Original Article
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate two factors that affect fetal development—placental oxidative stress (Ox) and plasma volume (PV)—in dams with sodium overload and (2) to correlate possible alterations in these factors with subsequent modifications in the renal function of adult offspring. Wistar dams were maintained on 0.17 M NaCl instead of water from 20 days before mating until either the twentieth pregnancy day/parturition or weaning. Colorimetric methods were used to measure Ox in maternal and offspring tissues, PV, 24-h urinary protein (UProt24 h) and serum triacylglycerols (TG) and cholesterol (Chol). Renal hemodynamics was evaluated in the offspring at 90 days of age using a blood pressure transducer, a flow probe and inulin clearance to measure mean arterial pressure (MAP), renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), respectively. The number of nephrons (NN) was counted in kidney suspensions. Dams showed unchanged PV, placental Ox and fetal weight but increased UProt24 h (150%, P < 0.05). Prenatally sodium-overloaded pups showed increased UProt24 h (45%, P < 0.05) but unchanged MAP, renal hemodynamics, NN and kidney Ox. Prenatally and postnatally sodium-overloaded rats showed increased UProt24 h (27%, P < 0.05) and kidney Ox (44%, P < 0.05), reduced GFR (12%, P < 0.05), increased PV (26%, P < 0.05) and unchanged MAP and NN. The TG increased in both groups of treated offspring (21%, P < 0.05), whereas Chol increased only in the postnatally sodium-overloaded group. We conclude that salt overload from the prenatal stage until weaning leads to alterations in lipid metabolism and in the renal function of the pups, which are additional to those alterations seen in rats only overloaded prenatally.

Keywords

Fetal development Maternal sodium overload Placental oxidative stress Proteinuria Renal dysfunction in the offspring 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This research was financed with grants from the Brazilian Research Council (grant number 470196/2007-6), CAPES/PROCAD (grant 00852) and FACEPE (grant BIC-0618-2.07/07).

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Copyright information

© IPNA 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • Henriqueta D. Cardoso
    • 1
  • Edjair V. Cabral
    • 1
  • Leucio D. Vieira-Filho
    • 1
    • 3
  • Adalberto Vieyra
    • 2
    • 3
  • Ana D. O. Paixão
    • 1
    • 3
  1. 1.Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de PernambucoRecifeBrazil
  2. 2.Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas FilhoUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
  3. 3.Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e BioimagemRio de JaneiroBrazil

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