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Combined effects of oscillating hydrostatic pressure, perfusion and encapsulation in a novel bioreactor for enhancing extracellular matrix synthesis by bovine chondrocytes

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A Correction to this article was published on 22 October 2018

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Abstract

The influence of combined shear stress and oscillating hydrostatic pressure (OHP), two forms of physical forces experienced by articular cartilage (AC) in vivo, on chondrogenesis, is investigated in a unique bioreactor system. Our system introduces a single reaction chamber design that does not require transfer of constructs after seeding to a second chamber for applying the mechanical forces, and, as such, biochemical and mechanical stimuli can be applied in combination. The biochemical and mechanical properties of bovine articular chondrocytes encapsulated in agarose scaffolds cultured in our bioreactors for 21 days are compared to cells statically cultured in agarose scaffolds in addition to static micromass and pellet cultures. Our findings indicate that glycosaminoglycan and collagen secretions were enhanced by at least 1.6-fold with scaffold encapsulation, 5.9-fold when adding 0.02 Pa of shear stress and 7.6-fold with simultaneous addition of 4 MPa of OHP when compared to micromass samples. Furthermore, shear stress and OHP have chondroprotective effects as evidenced by lower mRNA expression of β1 integrin and collagen X to non-detectable levels and an absence of collagen I upregulation as observed in micromass controls. These collective results are further supported by better mechanical properties as indicated by 1.6–19.8-fold increases in elastic moduli measured by atomic force microscopy.

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Change history

  • 22 October 2018

    Due to an oversight, Fig. 1(a, b) and Fig. 2 in Nazempour et al. (2017) Cell Tissue Res 370:179–193 DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-017-2651-7 should have a copyright acknowledgement added as follows: Schematics in Fig. 1(a, b) modified from Nazempour et al. (2016) (Copyright American Scientific Publishers).

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Acknowledgements

This project was accomplished with support from an NSF EAGER grant CBET-1212573, an NSF GRDS supplement CBET-1245188, the WSU NIH Protein Biotechnology Training Program grant NIH T32 GM008336-26, a NASA Space Grant, a WSU DRADS fellowship, a Harold P. Curtis Scholarship for Chrystal Quisenberry, as well as salary support for Prof. Van Wie from the USDA NIFA Hatch Project #WNP00807. The authors also acknowledge Potlatch Pack for the supply of bovine carpal joints, undergraduate students Ashley Davie and Tyler Cheung for their help in isolating bAChs and Gary Held and Miles Pepper from the WSU Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture Machine Shop for assistance in manufacture and assembly of the bioreactor system.

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  1. Arshan Nazempour and Chrystal Quisenberry contributed equally to this manuscript.

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  1. Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6515, USA

    Arshan Nazempour, Chrystal R. Quisenberry, Nehal I. Abu-Lail & Bernard J. Van Wie

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  1. Arshan Nazempour
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  3. Nehal I. Abu-Lail
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Correspondence to Bernard J. Van Wie.

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Nazempour, A., Quisenberry, C.R., Abu-Lail, N.I. et al. Combined effects of oscillating hydrostatic pressure, perfusion and encapsulation in a novel bioreactor for enhancing extracellular matrix synthesis by bovine chondrocytes. Cell Tissue Res 370, 179–193 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-017-2651-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-017-2651-7

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