Cell and Tissue Research

, Volume 367, Issue 2, pp 229–241 | Cite as

Cardiomyogenesis of periodontal ligament-derived stem cells by dynamic tensile strain

  • Daniel Pelaez
  • Zenith Acosta Torres
  • Tsz Kin Ng
  • Kwong Wai Choy
  • Chi Pui Pang
  • Herman S. Cheung
Regular Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Cellular therapies for the treatment of myocardial infarction have proven to be an invaluable tool in recent years and provide encouraging evidence for the possibility to restore normal heart function. However, questions still remain as to the optimal cell source, pre-conditioning methods and delivery techniques for such an application. This study explores the use of a population of stem cells arising from the neural crest and isolated from adult human periodontal ligament along with short-term mechanical strain as an inducer of cardiomyogenesis and possibly pre-conditioning stimulus for cellular cardiomyoplasty. Cells were subjected to a short-term dynamic mechanical tension in our custom-built bioreactor and analyzed for cardiomyogenic commitment. Mechanical strain elicited a cardiomyogenic response from the cells following just 2 h of stimulation. Mechanical strain activated and translocated cardiac-specific transcription factors GATA4, MEF2C and Nkx2.5, and induced expression of the sarcomeric actin and cardiac troponin T proteins. Mechanical strain induced production of significantly higher levels of nitric oxide when compared to static controls. Elimination of elevated ROS levels by free radical scavengers completely abolished the cardiomyogenic response of the cells. MicroRNA profile changes in stretched cells were detected for 39 miRNAs with 16 of the differentially expressed miRNAs related to heart development. The use of stem cells in combination with mechanical strain prior to their delivery in vivo may pose a valuable alternative for the treatment of myocardial infarction and merits further exploration for its capacity to augment the already observed beneficial effects of cellular therapies.

Keywords

Mechanotransduction Tensile strain Cardiomyogenesis Stem cells 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a VA Merit Review Grant and a VA Senior Career Scientist Award.

Supplementary material

441_2016_2503_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (203 kb)
ESM 1 (PDF 203 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Daniel Pelaez
    • 1
    • 2
  • Zenith Acosta Torres
    • 2
    • 3
  • Tsz Kin Ng
    • 3
    • 4
  • Kwong Wai Choy
    • 5
  • Chi Pui Pang
    • 4
  • Herman S. Cheung
    • 2
    • 3
  1. 1.Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiUSA
  2. 2.Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesUSA
  3. 3.Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC)Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical CenterMiamiUSA
  4. 4.Department of Ophthalmology & Visual SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
  5. 5.Department of Obstetrics & GynaecologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

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