Cell and Tissue Research

, Volume 351, Issue 3, pp 453–464 | Cite as

Effects of dietary fish oil and corn oil on rat mammary tissue

  • Serge Delpal
  • Alain Pauloin
  • Catherine Hue-Beauvais
  • Valérie Berthelot
  • Philippe Schmidely
  • Michèle Ollivier-Bousquet
Regular Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The effects, on the maternal mammary gland, of diets containing similar lipid percentages but differing in composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been assessed in rats during pregnancy and lactation. For this purpose, tuna fish oil (an n-3-PUFA-enriched oil) and corn oil (an n-6-PUFA-enriched oil) were included in diets at ratios such that the caloric inputs were the same as that of the control diet. As expected, the maternal diet affected the tissue composition of dams. Unexpectedly, only the tuna fish oil diet had an effect on pup growth, being associated with the pups being underweight between the ages of 11 and 21 days. The maternal mammary gland of rats fed the tuna fish oil diet displayed two main modifications: the size of cytoplasmic lipid droplets was increased when compared with those in control rats and the mammary epithelium showed an unusual formation of multilayers of cells. These results show that the tuna fish oil diet, during pregnancy and lactation, exerts specific effects on mammary cells and on the formation of lipid droplets. They suggest that this maternal diet affects the functioning of the mammary tissue.

Keywords

Mammary tissue Lactation Polyunsaturated fatty acid Lipid droplet Rat (Wistar) 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to P. Dahirel and C. Maudet for their care of the animals, to S. Citerne and E. Bouguyon for technical assistance, to M.-E. Marmillod for secretarial assistance and to B. Nicolas and M. Weber for their contributions to the preparation of digital files.

Supplementary material

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Fig. S1

Effects of diet on Glut-1 levels detected in mammary tissue from lactating rats. Top Densitometric measurements (right) of the band detected by immunoblotting analysis (left), normalised to β-actin, from three animals (means ± SEM) showed that the values did not differ between control, n-3 and n-6 rats. a Immunofluorescence analysis of Glut-1 in mammary gland sections from control rats. Glut-1 was localised at the base of acini (arrows). Nuclei (stained with DAPI) appear as round green structures around the lumen (star. b Immunofluoresence analysis of Glut-1 in mammary gland sections from n-3 rats. Glut-1 was localised at the base of acini (arrow). Nuclei (stained with DAPI) are present around the lumen (star) and also cluster (arrowhead) within the lumen. c Immunofluorescence analysis of Glut-1 in mammary sections from n-6 rats. Glut-1 was localised at the base of acini. Nuclei were not stained in this preparation (star lumen). Bar 20 μm. (JPEG 170 kb)

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Fig. S2

Localisation of Glut-1 in the Golgi region of mammary epithelial cells (star lumen). Glut-1 localises in secretory vesicles (VS) close to Golgi saccules (G) in mammary cells from control (a) and n-3 (b) lactating rats (arrows). Sections treated for immunogold electron microscopy with the omission of the primary antibody are not stained (c). Bar 0.5 μm. (JPEG 91 kb)

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High resolution image (TIFF 753 kb)
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Fig. S3

Localisation of cytochrome C in cells forming the multilayer sheet in the mammary tissue of lactating n-3 rats. Cytochrome C is localised within the mitochondria in close proximity to the mitochondrial membrane (arrows). Bar 0.3 μm (d). (JPEG 59 kb)

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High resolution image (TIFF 377 kb)
441_2012_1523_MOESM1_ESM.doc (50 kb)
ESM 1 (DOC 50 kb)
441_2012_1523_MOESM2_ESM.doc (44 kb)
ESM 2 (DOC 44 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  • Serge Delpal
    • 1
  • Alain Pauloin
    • 2
  • Catherine Hue-Beauvais
    • 2
  • Valérie Berthelot
    • 3
  • Philippe Schmidely
    • 3
  • Michèle Ollivier-Bousquet
    • 2
  1. 1.INRA, UR0909 Nutrition et Régulation Lipidique des Fonctions CérébralesJouy-en-Josas cedexFrance
  2. 2.UR1196 Génomique et Physiologie de la LactationJouy-en-Josas cedexFrance
  3. 3.UMR INRA-AgroParisTech 791 Physiologie de la Nutrition et AlimentationParis cedex 05France

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