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Cell and Tissue Research

, Volume 347, Issue 3, pp 747–757 | Cite as

Engineering of vascularized adipose constructs

  • Paul S. Wiggenhauser
  • Daniel F. Müller
  • Ferry P. W. Melchels
  • José T. Egaña
  • Katharina Storck
  • Helena Mayer
  • Peter Leuthner
  • Daniel Skodacek
  • Ursula Hopfner
  • Hans G. Machens
  • Rainer Staudenmaier
  • Jan T. Schantz
Regular Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Adipose tissue engineering offers a promising alternative to the current surgical techniques for the treatment of soft tissue defects. It is a challenge to find the appropriate scaffold that not only represents a suitable environment for cells but also allows fabrication of customized tissue constructs, particularly in breast surgery. We investigated two different scaffolds for their potential use in adipose tissue regeneration. Sponge-like polyurethane scaffolds were prepared by mold casting with methylal as foaming agent, whereas polycaprolactone scaffolds with highly regular stacked-fiber architecture were fabricated with fused deposition modeling. Both scaffold types were seeded with human adipose tissue-derived precursor cells, cultured and implanted in nude mice using a femoral arteriovenous flow-through vessel loop for angiogenesis. In vitro, cells attached to both scaffolds and differentiated into adipocytes. In vivo, angiogenesis and adipose tissue formation were observed throughout both constructs after 2 and 4 weeks, with angiogenesis being comparable in seeded and unseeded constructs. Fibrous tissue formation and adipogenesis were more pronounced on polyurethane foam scaffolds than on polycaprolactone prototyped scaffolds. In conclusion, both scaffold designs can be effectively used for adipose tissue engineering.

Keywords

Adipose tissue engineering Polycaprolactone Polyurethane Vessel loop Angiogenesis 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

This work is part of the MD thesis of Paul Wiggenhauser. We thank Professor Dietmar W. Hutmacher for critically reviewing the manuscript and Dr. Hinrich Wiese and Polymaterials AG for generously providing PU foam scaffolds.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  • Paul S. Wiggenhauser
    • 1
  • Daniel F. Müller
    • 1
  • Ferry P. W. Melchels
    • 2
  • José T. Egaña
    • 1
  • Katharina Storck
    • 3
  • Helena Mayer
    • 3
  • Peter Leuthner
    • 3
  • Daniel Skodacek
    • 3
  • Ursula Hopfner
    • 1
  • Hans G. Machens
    • 1
  • Rainer Staudenmaier
    • 3
  • Jan T. Schantz
    • 1
  1. 1.Department for Plastic and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der IsarTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
  2. 2.Institute of Health and Biomedical InnovationQueensland University of TechnologyKelvin GroveAustralia
  3. 3.Department for Ear-Nose-Throat, Klinikum Rechts der IsarTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany

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