Parasitology Research

, Volume 110, Issue 6, pp 2263–2270 | Cite as

Biolarvicidal and pupicidal activity of Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex Willd. (Family: Euphorbiaceae) leaf extract and Microbial insecticide, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) against malaria fever mosquito, Anopheles stephensi Liston. (Diptera: Culicidae)

  • Kadarkarai Murugan
  • Kalimuthu Kovendan
  • Savariar Vincent
  • Donald R. Barnard
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The present study was to establish of Acalypha alnifolia leaf extract and microbial insecticide, Metarizhium anisopliae on larvicidal and pupicidal properties of against the malaria fever mosquito, Anopheles stephensi. The leaf extract showed larvicidal and pupicidal effects after 24 h of exposure; however, the highest larval and pupal mortality was found in the leaf extract of ethanol A. alnifolia against the 1st to 4th instar larvae and pupae of values LC50 value of 1st instar was 5.388%, 2nd instar was 6.233%, 3rd instar was 6.884%, 4th instar was 8.594%, and pupae was 10.073%, respectively, and microbial insecticide, M. anisopliae against the 1st to 4th instar larvae and pupae of values LC50 value of 1st instar was 7.917%, 2nd instar was 10.734%, 3rd instar was 17.624%, 4th instar was 26.590%, and pupae was 37.908%, respectively. Moreover, combined treatment of values of LC50 value of 1st instar was 3.557%, 2nd instar was 4.373%, 3rd instar was 5.559%, 4th instar was 7.223%, and pupae was 8.542%, respectively. No mortality was observed in the control. The results that the leaves extract of A. alnifolia and microbial insecticide, M. anisopliae is promising as good larvicidal and pupicidal properties of against malaria fever mosquito, A. stephensi. This is an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of malarial vector, A. stephensi as a vector control programs. Therefore, this study provides first report on the combined effect of mosquitocidal efficacy of this plant extract and fungal pathogen of M. anisopliae against A. stephensi from Southern India.

Keywords

Malaria Leaf Extract Entomopathogenic Fungus Larvicidal Activity Mosquito Control 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India and Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TNSCST), Chennai, Tamil Nadu for providing financial support for the present work. The authors are grateful to Dr. K. Sasikala, Professor and Head, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University for the laboratory facilities provided.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  • Kadarkarai Murugan
    • 1
  • Kalimuthu Kovendan
    • 1
  • Savariar Vincent
    • 2
  • Donald R. Barnard
    • 3
  1. 1.Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life SciencesBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia
  2. 2.P.G. Research &Department of Advanced Zoology and BiotechnologyLoyola College, NungambakkamChennaiIndia
  3. 3.Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary EntomologyUSDA-ARSGainesvilleUSA

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