Posterior reversible encephalopathy in a child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis following allogeneic PBSCT treatment with cyclosporine
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Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is associated with a specific disorder of cerebrovascular autoregulation of multiple etiologies. This syndrome had been subsequently described in numerous medical conditions, including hypertensive encephalopathy, pre-eclampsia and the use with immunosuppressive drugs. Here, we report a child suffering from Langerhans cell histocytosis developing into PRES following immunosuppressive therapy. Symptoms and neuroimaging abnormalities were complete resolution subsequent to the withdrawal of cyclosporine. Although PRES is rarely seen among children, it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute neurological illness, especially undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
Keywords
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome Langerhans cell histocytosis Cyclosporine AAbbreviations
- PRES
posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
- MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
- FLAIR
fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
- DWI
diffusion-weighted images
- ADC
apparent diffusion coefficient
- LCH
Langerhans cell histocytosis
- CsA
cyclosporine
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