Virchows Archiv

, Volume 471, Issue 6, pp 785–792 | Cite as

Early stage minor salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma has favourable prognosis

  • Hanna Hämetoja
  • Karoliina Hirvonen
  • Jaana Hagström
  • Ilmo Leivo
  • Kauko Saarilahti
  • Satu Apajalahti
  • Caj Haglund
  • Antti Mäkitie
  • Leif Bäck
Original Article
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of minor salivary and mucous gland (MiSG) adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck and to compare the results with earlier reports including our recently published series on major salivary gland (MaSG) ACC. The study comprised 68 MiSG ACCs operated during 1974–2012 at the Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Medical records and histological samples were reviewed. Our previously published cohort comprising 54 MaSG ACCs during the years from 1974 to 2009 was used for comparison. The most common locations were the oral cavity and sinonasal cavities. Most patients presented stages IV (33.8%) and I (23.5%) disease. Primary treatment with curative intent, mainly surgery, was offered for 64 patients. Thirty-three (51.6%) of these patients developed a disease recurrence and 22 (66.7%) patients in less than 5 years. The difference in the length of recurrence-free time (<5 vs. >5 years) had an impact on OS and DSS (p < 0.001) showing worse prognosis for the earlier recurring group. T classes 2–4 (p = 0.005, p < 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively) and stages II–IV (p = 0.019, p < 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively) were associated with worse OS, DSS, and DFS. MiSG ACC had a similar long-term survival compared to MaSG ACC. Patients with stage I MiSG ACC seem to carry a favourable prognosis compared with those with stages II, III, and IV tumours. It is thus noteworthy that stage II tumours represent a truly advanced disease entity warranting a more aggressive treatment approach.

Keywords

Adenoid cystic carcinoma Minor salivary gland Malignancy Oral cancer Tumour Prognosis 
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Notes

Compliance with ethical standards

The Institutional Research Ethics Board approved the study concept (Dnro 31/13/03/02/2010, 01 February 2010).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

This study was supported by The Helsinki University Hospital Research Fund.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Hanna Hämetoja
    • 1
    • 2
  • Karoliina Hirvonen
    • 3
  • Jaana Hagström
    • 1
    • 4
  • Ilmo Leivo
    • 5
  • Kauko Saarilahti
    • 6
  • Satu Apajalahti
    • 7
  • Caj Haglund
    • 4
    • 8
  • Antti Mäkitie
    • 3
    • 9
  • Leif Bäck
    • 3
  1. 1.Department of PathologyUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
  2. 2.Department of Oral PathologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
  3. 3.Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
  4. 4.Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology ProgramUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
  5. 5.Department of PathologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
  6. 6.Department of OncologyUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
  7. 7.Department of RadiologyUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
  8. 8.Department of SurgeryUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
  9. 9.Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and TechnologyKarolinska Institutet and Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

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