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Cryopreservation of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) and other Dianthus species

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Abstract

Main conclusion

This paper reviews the cryopreservation of the ornamental, carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), as an important method for the long-term preservation of this plant’s germplasm.

Abstract

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is an important ornamental plant that is used as a potted plant as well as a cut flower. Important Dianthus germplasm would benefit from long-term strategies such as cryopreservation. Unlike the in vitro tissue culture literature of this ornamental, which has been studied in considerable detail, and with several genetic transformation protocols, surprisingly, the literature on its cryopreservation is still fairly scant, with barely two dozen or so studies, mostly having employed shoot tips. Early (< 2007) and more recent (2007–2020) cryopreservation techniques for carnation, including ultra-rapid cooling, encapsulation-vitrification, and encapsulation-dehydration, efficiently replaced programmed slow cooling processes used in early studies in the 1980s. Two large gaps (1997–2006, and 2016–2020) in which no carnation cryopreservation studies were published, requires future studies to cover new knowledge to fill gaps in information. Carnation cryopreservation research would benefit from testing a wide range of in vitro explants, new techniques such as the cryo-mesh, improved regeneration protocols for post-cryopreserved material, and the use of low-temperature storage as a mid- to long-term complementary germplasm storage strategy. This mini-review provides details of what has been achieved thus far and future objectives that could fortify cryopreservation research of this ornamental, as well as provide a robust long-term germplasm repository.

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Notes

  1. Although “BAP” was used to abbreviate benzylaminopurine, we have adopted the abbreviation for benzyladenine, BA, as per Teixeira da Silva (2012).

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Reza Raihandhany (Division of Botany, Genbinesia Foundation, Indonesia) for assistance with discovery pertaining to the Dianthus species list.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Miki-cho Post Office, Ikenobe 3011-2, P. O. Box 7, Kagawa-ken, 761-0799, Japan

    Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva

  2. Division of Biotechnology, Generasi Biologi Indonesia (Genbinesia) Foundation, Jl. Swadaya Barat No. 4, Gresik Regency, 61171, Indonesia

    Adhityo Wicaksono

  3. IRD, 08 BP 841, Cotonou, Benin

    Florent Engelmann

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  1. Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
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  2. Adhityo Wicaksono
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  3. Florent Engelmann
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Correspondence to Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva, Adhityo Wicaksono or Florent Engelmann.

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Teixeira da Silva, J.A., Wicaksono, A. & Engelmann, F. Cryopreservation of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) and other Dianthus species. Planta 252, 105 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-020-03510-2

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