FT-IR investigations on effect of high doses of gamma radiation-induced damage to polystyrene and mechanism of formation of radiolysis products

Original Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:
  • 29 Downloads

Abstract

The present article focuses on the influence of gamma irradiation and post-irradiation storage conditions on FT-IR spectra of 1 mm thick polystyrene irradiated with 51, 77 and 129 kGy. The increase in amplitude corresponding to 3600, 3400 and 2100 cm− 1 stretching frequencies clearly showing the formation of O–H and C=O bonds (~ 25%). On prolonged storage (2160 h) in the dark, there is an increase in O–H group (~ 28%). The electron cloud facilitates the formation of hydroxyl group in irradiated polystyrene. The post-irradiation treatment with heat conversely showed a reduction of O–H, C–H and C=O (9–16%) groups due to radical–radical recombination at higher temperatures and light intensities. This investigation finds its applications in memory devices, optical sensors, radiation dosimetry and different space and radiation facilities.

Keywords

Gamma irradiation Polystyrene FT-IR Radiolysis Storage effect Cold sterilization 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge Mr. P. Thillaimani (Technical Officer) and the technical assistants at Central Instrumentation Facility, Pondicherry University. This work was supported by DST-FIST [SR/FST/LSI-366/2008 Dt.18.02.2009] and UGC-SAP [F.4 − 2/2015/DRS-III/(SAP-II) Dt. 31.03.2015].

Supplementary material

411_2018_740_MOESM1_ESM.docx (244 kb)
Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 244 KB)

References

  1. Achhammer BG, Reiney MJ, Reinhart FW (1951) Study of degradation of polystyrene using infrared spectrophotometry. J Res Nat Bur Stand 47:116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Borodinov N, Giammarco J, Patel N, Agarwal A, O’Donnell KR, Kucera CJ, Jacobsohn LG, Luzinov I (2015) Stability of grafted polymer nanoscale films toward gamma irradiation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7(34):19455–19465CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Buchalla R, Boess C, Bögl KW (2000) Analysis of volatile radiolysis products in gamma-irradiated LDPE and polypropylene films by thermal desorption-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Appli Radiat Isotopes 52:251–269CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Buchalla R, Begley TH, Morehouse KM (2002) Analysis of low-molecular weight radiolysis products in extracts of gamma-irradiated polymers by gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Radiat Phys Chem 63:837–840ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Charlesby A (1977) Radiation induced crosslinking of polystyrene effect of molecular weight. Radiat Phys Chem 10:177–181ADSGoogle Scholar
  6. Coates J (2000) Interpretation of infrared spectra, a practical approach. In: Meyers RA (ed) Encyclopedia of analytical chemistry. Wiley, Chichester, pp 10815–10837Google Scholar
  7. Cota SS, Vasconcelos VD, Senne JrM, Carvalho LL, Rezende DB, Côrrea RF (2007) Changes in mechanical properties due to gamma irradiation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Braz J Chem Eng 24(2):259–265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Geuskens G, Baeyens-Volant D, Delaunois G, Lu-Vinh Q, Piret W, David C (1978) Photo-oxidation of polymers—I: a quantitative study of the chemical reactions resulting from irradiation of polystyrene at 253.7 nm in the presence of oxygen. Eur Polymer J 14:291–297CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Gupta D, Wang L, Hanssen LM, Hsia JJ, Datla RV (1995) Standard reference materials: polystyrene films for calibrating the wavelength scale of infrared spectrophotometers-SRM 1921. NIST Special Publication, pp 260–122Google Scholar
  10. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) (2000) Technical Reports Series No. 398. Absorbed dose determination in external beam radiotherapy: An international code of practice for dosimetry based on standards of absorbed dose to water. IAEA, Vienna, 2000 ISSN 1011–4289Google Scholar
  11. Jambeck JR, Geyer R, Wilcox C, Siegler TR, Perryman M, Andrady A, Narayan R, Law KL (2015) Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science 347:768–771ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Kassem M, Bassiouni M, El-Muraikhi M (2002) The effect of γ-irradiation on the optical properties of polyoxymethylene compacts. J Mat Sci Mater Electron 13:717–719CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Lacoste J, Vaillant D, Carlsson DJ (1993) Gamma-, photo-, and thermally-initiated oxidation of isotactic polypropylene. J Polymer Sci Part A Polymer Chem 31(3):715–722ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Lee EH (1999) Ion-beam modification of polymeric materials-fundamental principles and applications. Nucl Instr Meth Phys Res B151:29–41ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Martinez-Barrera G, Lopez H, Castano V, Rodriguez R (2004) Studies on the rubber phase stability in gamma irradiated polystyrene-SBR blends by using FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. Radiat Phys Chem 69:155–162ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. O’Donnell J (1991) Chemistry of radiation degradation of polymers. In: Clough RLSSW (ed) Radiation effects on polymers. American Chemical Society, Washingtonm DC, pp 402–413CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Parashar P, Datt S (1993) Effect of gamma-ray irradiation on the mechanical strength of polystyrene-ferrocene composite. Polym Testing 12:429–435CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Rosu C, Cueto R, Veillon L, David C, Laine RA, Russo PS (2017) Discovering Volatile Chemicals from Window Weatherstripping through solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chem Educ 94(11):1784–1789CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Tian Q, Takács E, Krakovsky I, Horváth ZE, Rosta L, Almásy L (2015) Study on the microstructure of polyester polyurethane irradiated in air and water. Polymers 7:1755–1766CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Williams JL, Dunn TS (1983) Advances in the radiation stabilization of polypropylene. Radiat Phys Chem 22:209–214ADSGoogle Scholar
  21. World Centric Organization (2017) http://www.worldcentric.org/sustainability/energy-savings. Accessed 24 Aug 2017
  22. Zhu D, Austerlitz C, Benhabib S, Mota H, Allison RR, Campos D (2010) Study of a spherical phantom for gamma knife dosimetry. J App Clin Med Phys 11(2):222–229CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesPondicherry UniversityPuducherryIndia

Personalised recommendations