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Trace element and isotopic variations from Mt. Vulture to Campanian volcanoes: constraints for slab detachment and mantle inflow beneath southern Italy

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Abstract

New Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic ratios and trace element data for volcanic mafic rocks outcropping along a E–W transect in southern Italy, from Mt. Vulture to Neapolitan volcanoes, are reported. The variation of LILE/HFSE, HFSE/HFSE and radiogenic isotopes along this transect indicates that all of these volcanoes contain both intra-plate and subduction-related signatures, with the former decreasing from Mt. Vulture to Campanian volcanoes. New data are also reported for the Paleocene alkaline rocks from Pietre Nere (Apulia foreland), which show isotopic ratios mostly overlapping the values for Mediterranean intra-plate volcanoes as well as the Eocene–Oligocene alkaline mafic lavas from the northern Adria plate. Pietre Nere provides evidence for an OIB mantle composition of FOZO-type, free of subduction influences, that is present beneath the Adria plate (Africa) before its collision with Europe. After this collision, and formation of the southern Apennines, westward inflow of mantle from the Adria plate to the Campanian area occurred, as a consequence of slab break off. Interaction of subduction components with inflowing Adria mantle generated hybrid sources beneath the Vulture–Campania area, which can explain the compositional features of both Mt. Vulture and the Campanian mafic rocks. Therefore, mafic magmas from these volcanoes represent variable degrees of mixing between different mantle components.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financed by the CNR Short term Mobility 2001, by the University of Perugia with GNV financial support and by a block grant to NIGL from the Natural Environment Research Council. Authors thank Prof L. La Volpe for the great help in reconstructing Mt. Vulture chrono-stratigraphy and samples collection. Constructive reviews by Prof. G. Worner and Dr. A. Stracke greatly improved the original manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124, Napoli, Italy

    G. De Astis

  2. Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, SN2 1EU, UK

    P. D. Kempton

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Perugia, Piazza Università, 06100, Perugia, Italy

    A. Peccerillo

  4. Department of Geology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7

    T. W. Wu

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  1. G. De Astis
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  2. P. D. Kempton
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  3. A. Peccerillo
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  4. T. W. Wu
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Correspondence to G. De Astis.

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Communicated by J. Hoefs

Appendix: analytical techniques

Appendix: analytical techniques

Major and trace elements for Pietre Nere (sample G19), Mt. Somma-Vesuvius (LPG 2 and samples from different drillings), and Procida rocks were analysed at the Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques (CRPG, Vandouvre Cedex, France). Details of analytical techniques used are reported in De Astis et al. (2004). Major elements, Ba, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ni, Cr, V, La and Ce for Vulture and Pietre Nere rocks were obtained by X-ray fluorescence and by traditional wet chemical techniques (FeO and LOI) at the Dipartimento Geomineralogico, University of Bari and at the Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Perugia, Italy. REE, Th, U, Cs, Ta, Hf, Sc and Co on the same samples were determined by INAA at the Department of Geology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. Precision is better than 5% for Rb, Sr, Zr, Ba, Y, Th and U and better than 10% for the other trace elements. Samples for Nd, Sr and Pb isotope analysis were prepared at the NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory (NIGL) using procedures described in Royse et al. (1998), Kempton and McGill (2002); all three analytes were separated from the same dissolved sample powder. Sr was run at NIGL on a single Ta filament using a Finnigan MAT 262 multi-collector mass spectrometer in multidynamic mode. Nd was run at Durham University using using a Re-Ta filament assembly on a Finnigan Tritan (also multi-collector). The effects of fractionation were accounted for at run time by normalising 87Sr/86Sr to a value of 86Sr/88Sr=0.1194 and 143Nd/144Nd to a value of 146Nd/144Nd=0.7219. Sample data are reported relative to accepted values for NBS 987 and La Jolla of 0.71024 and 0.51186, respectively. Minimum uncertainty is derived from external precision of standard measurements, which over the course of analysis were better than 45 ppm (2σ) for 86Sr/88Sr and 10 ppm (2σ) for 143Nd/144Nd. Pb isotopes were analysed at NIGL using the VG P54 MC-ICP-MS, since this instrument allows us to correct for mass fractionation during the run using the Tl-doping method. We have used a 205Tl/203Tl value of 2.388, which was determined empirically by cross calibration with NBS 981. All Pb isotope ratios have been corrected relative to the NBS 981 composition of Todt et al. (1996). Based on repeated runs of NBS 981, the reproducibility of whole rock Pb isotope measurements is better than ±0.01% (2σ). Blanks for Sr, Nd and Pb were less than 300 pg, 100pg to 200 pg, respectively.

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De Astis, G., Kempton, P.D., Peccerillo, A. et al. Trace element and isotopic variations from Mt. Vulture to Campanian volcanoes: constraints for slab detachment and mantle inflow beneath southern Italy. Contrib Mineral Petrol 151, 331–351 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-006-0062-y

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