Colloid and Polymer Science

, Volume 292, Issue 10, pp 2621–2631 | Cite as

Drying dissipative structures of cationic gel spheres of lightly cross-linked poly(2-vinylpyridine) in deionized aqueous suspension

  • Syuji Fujii
  • Yuma Yamashita
  • Yoshinobu Nakamura
  • Tsuneo Okubo
Original Contribution
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

Drying dissipative patterns of cationic gel crystals of lightly cross-linked poly(2-vinylpyridine) spheres (CAIBA-P2VP(0.1), CAIBA-P2VP(0.5), and CAIBA-P2VP(1), 107 ~ 113 nm in diameter and 0.1, 0.5, and 1 in degrees of cross-linking) were observed on a cover glass, a watch glass, and a Petri glass dish. Convectional spoke line and cluster patterns were recognized with the naked eyes, which supports that these poly(2-vinylpyridine) gel spheres aggregate temporarily and reversibly during the course of drying. Two kinds of broad rings were observed at the outside edge and inner region in the macroscopic drying pattern. The size of the inner rings decreased with gel concentration. Formation of similar-sized aggregates (or agglomerates) and their ordered arrays ((a) ordered ring, (b) spoke lines, (c) net structures, and (d) lattice structures) were observed, though the arrays were not so complete compared with those of large-sized analogous gel spheres. One of the main causes of the incomplete ordering of the aggregates is the rather high polydispersities in the sphere size. The ordering of similar-sized aggregates is common among the gel spheres including anionic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and cationic poly(2-vinylpyridine). Size effect of cationic gel spheres on the ordering of the agglomerates was clarified definitely in this work. The role of the convectional flow and the electrical double layers around the agglomerates and their interaction with the substrates during drying was also clarified to be very important for the drying pattern formation.

Keywords

Cationic gel spheres Poly(2-vinylpyridine) Drying pattern Dissipative structure Ordered array Similar-sized aggregates 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

S.F. acknowledges the Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research (project no. 24655212) for Japan Society for Promotion of Science and the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Engineering Neo-Biomimetics,” “New Polymeric Materials Based on Element-Blocks,” and “Molecular Soft Interface Science” from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Syuji Fujii
    • 1
  • Yuma Yamashita
    • 1
  • Yoshinobu Nakamura
    • 1
  • Tsuneo Okubo
    • 2
  1. 1.Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of EngineeringOsaka Institute of TechnologyOsakaJapan
  2. 2.Institute for Colloidal OrganizationUjiJapan

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