Abstract
Clubroot disease, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin infection, leads to significant yield and economic losses in cruciferous vegetables. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between P. brassicae and Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) remains unknown. In this study, two-dimensional electrophoresis was used to screen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in clubroot-diseased and control roots of Chinese cabbage. A total of 21 DEPs changed by more than twofold in the diseased roots, of which 16 were successfully identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight/mass spectrometry. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions’ analysis showed that most of the 16 candidate genes had the consistent transcription and protein level expression. Gene ontology analysis revealed that 10 out of 16 candidate genes responded to stimulus. Two of these genes were involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway. The content of SA and the expression of genes in the SA signaling pathway were altered in the diseased roots and disease resistance increased after SA treatment. Thus, the interactions between Chinese cabbage and P. brassicae stimulate the SA signaling pathway. Our findings may contribute to improving clubroot resistance in Chinese cabbage.
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Abbreviations
- 2-DE:
-
Two-dimensional electrophoresis
- ACN:
-
Acetonitrile
- BRAD:
-
Brassica Database
- CDR1:
-
Constitutive Disease 119 Resistance 1
- CID:
-
Collision-induced dissociation
- CHCA:
-
α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
- DEPs:
-
Differentially expressed proteins
- DTT:
-
Dithiothreitol
- EDS1:
-
Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1
- GO:
-
Gene Ontology
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- ICS:
-
Isochorismate Synthase
- IEF:
-
Isoelectric focusing
- IPG:
-
Immobilized pH gradient
- KEGG:
-
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MALDI-TOF/TOF MS:
-
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight/mass spectrometry
- NDR1:
-
Non-Race Specific Disease Resistance 1
- NPR1:
-
Non-expressor of PR1
- OD:
-
Optical density
- PAD4:
-
Phytoalexin Deficient 4
- PAGE:
-
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- PMF:
-
Peptide mass fingerprinting
- PR1:
-
Pathogenesis Related 1
- qRT-PCR:
-
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
- SA:
-
Salicylic acid
- SAR:
-
Systemic acquired resistance
- SDS:
-
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
- TCA:
-
Trichloroacetic acid
- TFA:
-
Trifluoroacetic acid
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 31972412) and the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (Grant Number 2019-MS-283). We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing.
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Conceptualization, RJ and HF; Data curation, RJ, SG and QB; Formal analysis, RJ and SG; Funding acquisition, RJ and HF; Investigation, QB and YW; Methodology, RJ, SG, QB, YW, ML and WG; Project administration, RJ; Supervision, HF; Writing: original draft, RJ and SG; Writing: review and editing, SG, QB, YW, ML, WG and HF.
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Supplementary Material (RAR 854 kb) Fig. S1 Standard curve of proteins. Fig. S2 Standard curve of salicylic acid (SA) samples. Fig. S3 Plant hormone signal transduction pathway. Table S1 Sequences of the primers used for quantitative real-time PCR of the differentially expressed proteins between treated and control roots of Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis.Table S2 Sequences of the primers used for quantitative real-time PCR of salicylic acid-related genes. Table S3 Differentially expressed proteins in control (C) and treated (T) roots of Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis in three biological replicates. Table S4 Salicylic acid content in control (C) and treated (T, inoculated with Plasmodiophora brassicae) roots of Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis at two stages. C1, control group at infection stage; C2, control group at the diseased stage; T1, treated group at infection stage; T2, treated group at the diseased stage
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Ji, R., Gao, S., Bi, Q. et al. The Salicylic Acid Signaling Pathway Plays an Important Role in the Resistant Process of Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis to Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. J Plant Growth Regul 40, 405–422 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10105-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10105-4